Astronomy:Messier 98

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Short description: Intermediate spiral galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices
Messier 98
Galaxy Messier 98 by ESO New Technology Telescope
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationComa Berenices
Right ascension 12h 13m 48.292s[1]
Declination+14° 54′ 01.69″[1]
Redshift−0.000474[2]
Helio radial velocity−142 ± 4 km/s[2]
Distance44.4 million light years (13.6 Mpc)[3]
Apparent magnitude (V)10.1[4]
Characteristics
TypeSAB(s)ab[3]
Apparent size (V)9′.8 × 2′.8[5]
Other designations
NGC 4192, UGC 7231, PGC 39028[2]

Messier 98, M98 or NGC 4192, is an intermediate spiral galaxy about 44.4[3] million light-years away in slightly northerly Coma Berenices, about 6° to the east of the bright star Denebola (Beta Leonis). It was discovered by French astronomer Pierre Méchain on 1781,[lower-alpha 1] along with nearby M99 and M100, and was catalogued by compatriot Charles Messier 29 days later in his Catalogue des Nébuleuses & des amas d'Étoiles.[5] It has a blueshift, denoting ignoring of its fast other movement (vectors of proper motion), it is approaching at about 140 km/s.[2]

The morphological classification of this galaxy is SAB(s)ab,[3] which indicates it is a spiral galaxy that displays mixed barred and non-barred features with intermediate to tightly wound arms and no ring.[6] It is highly inclined to the line of sight at an angle of 74°[7] and has a maximum rotation velocity of 236 km/s.[8] The combined mass of the stars in this galaxy is an estimated 76 billion (7.6 × 1010) times the mass of the Sun. It contains about 4.3 billion solar masses of neutral hydrogen and 85 million solar masses in dust.[9] The nucleus is active, displaying characteristics of a "transition" type object. That is, it shows properties of a LINER-type galaxy intermixed with an H II region around the nucleus.[10]

Messier 98 is a member of the Virgo Cluster, which is a large cluster of galaxies, part of the local supercluster.[11]

About 750 million years ago, it may have interacted with the large spiral galaxy Messier 99. These are now separated by 1,300,000 ly (400,000 pc).[8]


See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W. et al. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal 131 (2): 1163–1183. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN 0004-6256. Bibcode: 2006AJ....131.1163S. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006AJ....131.1163S/abstract. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for Messier 98. http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/nph-objsearch?objname=Messier+98&img_stamp=yes. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Erwin, Peter; Debattista, Victor P. (May 2013), "Peanuts at an angle: detecting and measuring the three-dimensional structure of bars in moderately inclined galaxies", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 431 (4): 3060–3086, doi:10.1093/mnras/stt385, Bibcode: 2013MNRAS.431.3060E. 
  4. ↑ "Messier 98". https://messier.seds.org/m/m098.html. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Thompson, Robert; Thompson, Barbara (2007), Illustrated Guide to Astronomical Wonders: From Novice to Master Observer, Diy Science, O'Reilly Media, Inc., p. 196, ISBN 978-0596526856, https://books.google.com/books?id=ymt9nj_uPhwC&pg=PA196. 
  6. ↑ Buta, Ronald J. et al. (2007), Atlas of Galaxies, Cambridge University Press, pp. 13–17, ISBN 978-0521820486, https://books.google.com/books?id=g-P7dCbB5MEC&pg=PA16. 
  7. ↑ Schoeniger, F.; Sofue, Y. (July 1997), "The CO Tully-Fisher relation for the Virgo cluster", Astronomy and Astrophysics 90: 1681–1759, Bibcode: 1997A&A...323...14S. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Duc, Pierre-Alain; Bournaud, Frederic (February 2008), "Tidal Debris from High-Velocity Collisions as Fake Dark Galaxies: A Numerical Model of VIRGOHI 21", The Astrophysical Journal 673 (2): 787–797, doi:10.1086/524868, Bibcode: 2008ApJ...673..787D. 
  9. ↑ Davies, J. I. et al. (February 2012), "Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II – A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 419 (4): 3505–3520, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19993.x, Bibcode: 2012MNRAS.419.3505D. 
  10. ↑ Terashima, Yuichi et al. (1985), "ASCA Observations of "Type 2" LINERs: Evidence for a Stellar Source of Ionization", The Astrophysical Journal 533 (2): 729–743, doi:10.1086/308690, Bibcode: 2000ApJ...533..729T. 
  11. ↑ Binggeli, B.; Sandage, A.; Tammann, G. A. (1985), "Studies of the Virgo Cluster. II – A catalog of 2096 galaxies in the Virgo Cluster area", Astronomical Journal 90: 1681–1759, doi:10.1086/113874, Bibcode: 1985AJ.....90.1681B. 
  1. ↑ 15 March

Coordinates: Sky map 12h 13m 48.3s, +14° 54′ 01″



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