View source for Physics:Orders of magnitude (speed)

To help compare different orders of magnitude, the following list describes various [[Physics:Speed|speed]] levels between approximately 2.2{{e|−18}}&nbsp;[[Metre per second|m/s]] and 3.0{{e|8}}&nbsp;m/s (the [[Physics:Speed of light|speed of light]]). Values in bold are exact.
==List of orders of magnitude for speed==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Factor (m/s)
!Value (m/s)
!Value ([[Kilometres per hour|km/h]])
!Value ([[Miles per hour|mph]])
!Value ([[Physics:Speed of light|''c'']])
!Item
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!10<sup id="-18">−18</sup>
|2.2{{e|−18}}||7.8{{e|−18}}||4.9{{e|−18}}||7.3{{e|-27}}
||Expansion rate between 2 points in free space 1 m apart under [[Astronomy:Hubble's law|Hubble's law]].{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="2"|10<sup id="-14">−14</sup>
|1.4{{e|-14}}||5.0{{e|-14}}||3.1{{e|-14}}||4.7{{e|-23}}
||[[Earth:Cave of the Crystals|Cave of the Crystals]] gypsum crystals' growth rate, the slowest directly measured normal growth rate for any crystal growth process.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Van Driessche|first1=A.E.S.|last2=García Ruíz|first2=J.M.|last3=Tsukamoto|first3=K.|last4=Patiño López|first4=L.D.|last5=Satoh|first5=H.|title=Ultraslow growth rates of giant gypsum crystals |journal=PNAS |date=2011 |volume=108 |issue=38|pages=15721–15726 |doi=10.1073/pnas.1105233108|pmid=21911400|pmc=3179101|doi-access=free}}</ref>
|-
|3.169{{e|-14}}||1.141{{e|-13}}||7.089{{e|-14}}||1.057{{e|-22}}
||1 [[Bubnoff unit]] (1 μm/yr)
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!10<sup id="-13">−13</sup>
|1{{e|−13}}||3{{e|−13}}||2{{e|−13}}||3{{e|-22}}
||Rate of erosion of [[Earth:Bedrock|bedrock]].<ref>{{Cite book
 | editor-first=Richard
 | editor-last=Blewett
 | title=Shaping a nation
 | publisher=Geoscience Australia and ANU E-Press
 | date=2012
 | pages=57–58
 | chapter=Chapter 2: Australia in time and space
 | doi=10.22459/SN.08.2012
 | isbn=9781922103437
 | chapter-url=http://press.anu.edu.au/titles/shaping-a-nation/pdf-download/
 | access-date=2015-05-20
 | doi-access=free
 }}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!10<sup id="-12">−12</sup>
|4.12{{e|−12}}||1.48{{e|−11}}||9.21{{e|−12}}||1.37{{e|-20}}
||Average growth rate of a limestone stalactite.
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!10<sup id="-11">−11</sup>
|9.8{{e|−11}}||3.5{{e|−10}}||2.2{{e|−10}}||3.2{{e|-19}}
||Rate of global sea level rise in 1993–2003 (3.1&nbsp;mm/yr).<ref>{{Cite book
 | author=Bindoff, NL''
 | contribution=Observations: Oceanic Climate Change and Sea Level
 | title=Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
 | publisher=Cambridge University Press
 | contribution-url=http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter5.pdf
 | access-date=2010-08-21
 | display-authors=0
 | archive-date=2017-05-13
 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170513164252/http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter5.pdf
 | url-status=dead
 }}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!10<sup id="-10">−10</sup>
|3{{e|−10}} to 3{{e|−9}}||1{{e|−9}} to 1{{e|−8}}||7{{e|−10}} to 7{{e|−9}}||1{{e|-18}} to 1{{e|-17}}
||Typical relative speed of [[Earth:Continental drift|continental drift]].
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="2"|10<sup id="-9">−9</sup>
|1.3{{e|−9}}||4.7{{e|−9}}||2.9{{e|−9}}||4.3{{e|-18}}
||Average rate of the [[Astronomy:Moon|Moon]] receding from the [[Astronomy:Earth|Earth]] (approx. 38&nbsp;mm/yr).{{citation needed|date=December 2017}}
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|4.8{{e|−9}}||1.7{{e|−8}}||1.1{{e|−8}}||1.6{{e|-17}}
||Human hair growth (average rate—note that there is a great range of variation).
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!10<sup id="-7">−7</sup>
|3{{e|−7}} to 1.11{{e|−5}}||1.08{{e|−6}} to 4{{e|−5}}||6.7{{e|−7}} to 2.5{{e|−5}}||1{{e|-15}} to 3.7{{e|-14}}
||Calculated speed of an [[Biology:Amoeba|amoeba]].<ref>{{cite web
 |url=https://study.com/academy/answer/do-amoebas-move-fast-or-slow.html
 |title=Do amoebas move fast or slow
 |website=Study.com
 |access-date=March 31, 2020}}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!10<sup id="-6">−6</sup>
|1.52{{e|−6}}||5.4{{e|−6}}||3.4{{e|−6}}||5.1{{e|-15}}
||Speed of a [[Biology:Cell|cellular]] vesicle propelled by a motor protein.<ref>
{{cite journal
| last1=Hill | first1=David
| last2=Holzwarth | first2=George
| last3=Bonin | first3=Keith
| year=2002
| title=Velocity and Drag Forces on motor-protein-driven Vesicles in Cells
| journal=APS Southeastern Section Meeting Abstracts
| volume=69 | pages=EA.002
| bibcode=2002APS..SES.EA002H
}}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="2"|10<sup id="-5">−5</sup>
|1.02{{e|-5}}||3.67{{e|-5}}||2.28{{e|-5}}||3.40{{e|-14}}
||Speed of the tip of a {{convert|7|cm|abbr=on}}-long hour hand on a clock.<ref>''v'' = ''r&nbsp;ω'' = 0.07&nbsp;m · {{sfrac|2{{pi}}|60&nbsp;s/min · 60&nbsp;min/hr · 12&nbsp;hr}}</ref>
|-
|1.4{{e|−5}}||5.0{{e|−5}}||3.1{{e|−5}}||4.6{{e|-14}}
||Growth rate of [[Biology:Bamboo|bamboo]], the fastest-growing woody plant, over 24 hours.<ref>{{cite book
 | last=Farrelly
 | first=David
 | title=The Book of Bamboo
 | publisher=Sierra Club Books
 | year=1984
 | isbn=978-0-87156-825-0
 | url-access=registration
 | url=https://archive.org/details/bookofbamboo00farr
 }}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="2"|10<sup id="-4">−4</sup>
|4.0{{e|−4}}||1.4{{e|−3}}||8.9{{e|−4}}||1.3{{e|-12}}
||Speed of Jakobshavn Isbræ, one of the fastest [[Earth:Glacier|glacier]]s, in 2003.<ref>{{cite journal
 |author1=Joughin I. |author2=Abdalati W. |author3=Fahnestock M. | title=Large fluctuations in speed on Greenland's Jakobshavn Isbrae glacier
 | journal=Nature
 | volume=432
 | pages=608–610
 | year=2004
 | doi=10.1038/nature03130
 | pmid=15577906
 | issue=7017|bibcode = 2004Natur.432..608J |s2cid=4406447 }}</ref>
|-
|6{{e|−4}}||2.2{{e|−3}}||1.3{{e|−3}}||2{{e|-12}}
||Typical speed of ''[[Biology:Thiovulum majus|Thiovulum majus]]'', the fastest-swimming [[Biology:Bacterium|bacterium]].<ref>{{cite journal
 | doi=10.1099/13500872-140-11-3109
 | first=Tom
 | last=Fenchel
 | title=Motility and chemosensory behaviour of the sulphur bacterium Thiovulum majus
 | journal=Microbiology
 | year=1994
 | pages=3109–3116
 | issue=11
 | volume=140
 | url=http://mic.sgmjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/140/11/3109
 | access-date=2010-08-21 | doi-access=free
 }}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="2"|10<sup id="-3">−3</sup>
|0.00178||0.00641||0.00398||5.94{{e|-12}}
||The speed of a particle orbiting a ball of lead of radius 1 m near its surface under its gravity (that is, the first cosmic speed for this ball).
|-
|0.00275||0.00990||0.00615||9.17{{e|-12}}
||World record speed of the fastest [[Biology:Snail|snail]] in the Congham, UK.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scase.co.uk/snailracing/snails1.htm|title=snailracing.net}}</ref> 
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="2"|10<sup id="-2">−2</sup>
<!-- Dubious as 5 times faster than world record!
|0.013||0.0468||0.029||4.3{{e|-11}}
||Speed of a Garden snail.{{dubious|date=April 2011|snail|reason=speed five times faster than the world record accepted by Guinness? hypertextbook is an aggregator of other sources, and the one used here may not be reliable or be quoting a simple typo; wikipedia needs better than this; also context needed as to duration of this speed}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hypertextbook.com/facts/AngieYee.shtml|first=Angie|last=Yee|year=1999|title=Speed of a Snail|work=The Physics Factbook|quote=The World Almanac and Book of Facts 1999. New Jersey: Primedia, 1998: 572.}}</ref>
|-
-->
|0.0476||0.171||0.106||1.58{{e|-10}}
||Compact cassette tape speed.<ref>[http://legacyproducts.tdk.com/support/pdfs/d.pdf TDK cassette spec sheet] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070620193131/http://legacyproducts.tdk.com/support/pdfs/d.pdf |date=2007-06-20 }} Retrieved on 27 March 2007</ref>
|-
|0.080||0.29||0.18||2.6{{e|-10}}
||The top speed of a [[Biology:Sloth|sloth]].
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="3"|10<sup id="-1">−1</sup>
|0.2778||'''1'''||0.6214||9.2657{{e|-10}}
||1 [[Kilometres per hour|km/h]].
|-
|'''0.44704'''||'''1.609344'''||'''1'''||1.4912{{e|-9}}
||1 [[Miles per hour|mph]].
|-
|0.5144||'''1.852'''||1.151||1.716{{e|-9}}
||1 [[Physics:Knot (unit)|knot]] ([[Nautical mile|nautical mile]] per hour)
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="5"|10<sup id="0">0</sup>
|1.2||4.32||2.68||4{{e|-9}}
||Typical scanning speed of an audio [[Engineering:Compact disc|compact disc]]; the speed of signals ([[Biology:Action potential|action potential]]s) traveling along [[Biology:Axon|axon]]s in the human cortex.<!-- These need to be split. -->
|-
|1–1.5||3.6–5.4||2.2–3.4||3.3–5.0{{e|-9}}
||Average walking speed—below a speed of about 2&nbsp;m/s, it is more efficient to walk than to run, but above that speed, it is more efficient to run.
|-
|2.39||8.53||5.35||7.97{{e|-9}}
||World record time 50m freestyle swim
|-
|5.78||20.81||12.93||1.928{{e|-8}}
||World record time [[Engineering:Marathon|marathon]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/athletics/45539546|title=Eliud Kipchoge sets new marathon world record|website=BBC Sport|date=September 16, 2018|access-date=March 20, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916162849/https://www.bbc.com/sport/athletics/45539546|archive-date=September 16, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|6–7||20–25||12–15||1.8–2.3{{e|-8}}
||Comfortable [[Engineering:Bicycle|bicycling]] speed.
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="13"|10<sup id="1">1</sup>
|10.438||37.578||23.35||3.48{{e|-8}}
||Average speed of Jamaican athlete Usain Bolt while setting the 100m world record in Berlin on 16 August 2009.
|-
|12.42||44.72||27.78||4.14{{e|-8}}
||Top speed reached by Bolt during the same race.
|-
|8–14||30–50||18–31||2.7–4.7{{e|-8}}
||Typical residential speed limit; top speed of a running cat or dog.
|-
|14||50||31||4.7{{e|-8}}
||Typical speed of road-race cyclist.
|-
|17||60||37||5{{e|-8}}
||Typical speed of thoroughbred racehorse or racing greyhound.
|-
|5–25||18–90||11–56||1.7–8.3{{e|-8}}
||Speed of propagation for [[Biology:Action potential|unmyelinated]] sensory [[Biology:Neuron|neuron]]s.
|-
|30||110||70||1{{e|-7}}
||Typical speed of car (freeway); [[Biology:Cheetah|cheetah]]—fastest of all terrestrial animals; [[Biology:Sailfish|sailfish]]—fastest [[Biology:Fish|fish]]; speed of [[Engineering:Go-fast boat|go-fast boat]].
|-
|40||140||90||1.3{{e|-7}}
||Typical peak speed of a local service [[Engineering:Train|train]] (or intercity on lower standard tracks).
|-
|40.05||144.17||89.59||1.335{{e|-7}}
||Land speed record for a human powered vehicle.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ihpva.org/hpvarech.htm |title=IHPVA Official Speed Records |date=17 September 2016 |access-date=25 December 2021 |work= International Human Powered Vehicle Association}}</ref>
|-
|54||195||122||1.8{{e|-7}}
||Maximum speed a [[Biology:Human|human]] can attain during a face-down free-fall.
|-
|67||240||149||2.2{{e|-7}}
||The top speed of the world's fastest roller coaster, Formula Rossa.
|-
|90||320||200||3{{e|-7}}
||Typical speed of a modern high-speed train (e.g. latest generation of production TGV); a diving peregrine falcon—fastest bird; 320&nbsp;km/h or 200&nbsp;mph is a parameter sometimes used in defining a [[Engineering:Supercar|supercar]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.woiweb.com/wiki/index.php?title=Supercar |title=Supercar |access-date=2009-10-10 }}</ref>
|-
|91||328||204||3.04{{e|-7}}
||Fastest recorded ball (a [[Engineering:Golf ball|golf ball]]) in sports.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ito3BSO-St8  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/Ito3BSO-St8 |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=FSN Sport Science - Episode 7 - Myths - Jason Zuback |work=Sport Science |publisher=[[Company:YouTube|YouTube]] |access-date=2009-07-27}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="23"|10<sup id="2">2</sup>
|100.67||362.4||225.18||3.3{{e|-7}}
||Maximum speed recorded by a MotoGP motorcycle. Set by Johann Zarco during the 2021 Qatar Grand Prix at Losail International Circuit in a Ducati Desmosedici GP21 and Brad Binder during the 2021 Italian Grand Prix at Mugello Circuit in a KTM RC16.<ref name="MotoGP Speed Record">{{cite web|url=https://www.motogp.com/en/news/2021/03/27/what-is-the-official-outright-motogp-speed-record/364051|title=What is the official outright MotoGP™ speed record?|website=motogp.com|date=18 March 2021 |publisher=MotoGP|access-date=29 June 2021}}</ref>
|-
|103||370||230||3.44{{e|-7}}
||Speed of super torpedo VA-111 Shkval.
|-
|103.5||372.6||231.5||3.452{{e|-7}}
||Maximum speed recorded by a Formula One car. Set by Juan Pablo Montoya during the 2005 Italian Grand Prix at Monza in a McLaren MP4-20.
|-
|105.5||379.8||236||3.52{{e|-7}}
||Maximum speed of a Ferrari F50 GT1.
|-
|113||408||254||3.77{{e|-7}}
||Fastest non-tornadic wind gust recorded on Earth - at Barrow Island, Australia on April 10, 1996, during Severe Tropical Cyclone Olivia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wmo.int/pages/mediacentre/infonotes/info_58_en.html|publisher=World Meteorological Association|title=World record wind gust|access-date=2010-01-26|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120065504/http://www.wmo.int/pages/mediacentre/infonotes/info_58_en.html|archive-date=2013-01-20}}</ref>
|-
|120||432||270||4.0{{e|-7}}
||Speed of propagation for [[Biology:Mammal|mammal]]ian motor [[Biology:Neuron|neuron]]s.
|-
|124.219||447.19||277.87||4.1{{e|-7}}
||Maximum speed of the [[Engineering:Koenigsegg Agera#RS|Koenigsegg Agera RS]] (currently the fastest production car in the world).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a13301712/koenigsegg-agera-rs-speed-record/ |title=The Koenigsegg Agera RS Is Officially the World's Fastest Car |date=4 November 2017 |access-date=14 January 2018}}</ref>
|-
|126–143||452–517||281–321||4.2–4.8{{e|-7}}
||The fastest wind speed ever recorded on Earth, caused by the 1999 Bridge Creek–Moore tornado.
|-
|150.6||539||337||5{{e|-7}}
||Top speed of an internal-combustion-powered NHRA Top Fuel Dragster.
|-
|154
|554.4
|344.5
|5.1{{e|-7}}
|Speed of the fastest [[Engineering:Crossbow|crossbow]] [[Engineering:Arrow|arrow]].
|-
|157||575||351||5.2{{e|-7}}
||Top speed of experimental test [[Engineering:TGV|TGV]] train in 2007.
|-
|161||580||360||5.4{{e|-7}}
||Top speed of JR-Maglev in 2003.
|-
|250||900||560||8.3{{e|-7}}
||Typical cruising speed of a modern [[Engineering:Jet aircraft|jet airliner]], e.g. an [[Engineering:Airbus A380|Airbus A380]].
|-
|314||1,130||702||1{{e|-6}}
||Top speed of any World War II-era aircraft, the Me 163B V18 set on July 6, 1944.
|-
|320||1,200||720||1.07{{e|-6}}
||The speed of a typical .22 LR bullet.
|-
|340.3||1,225||761||1.135{{e|-6}}
||[[Physics:Speed of sound|Speed of sound]] in [[International Standard Atmosphere|standard atmosphere]] (15&nbsp;°C and 1 [[Physics:Atmosphere (unit)|atm]]).
|-
|344.66||1,240.77||770.98||1.15{{e|-6}}
||Max speed reached by the jet-propelled car ThrustSSC in 1997—Land speed record.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thrustssc.com/Runs_Database/Runs_Database.html|title=ThrustSSC}}</ref>
|-
|373||1,342.8||833.9||1.2{{e|-6}}
||Highest speed recorded during a [[Physics:Free fall|free fall]] set by Felix Baumgartner.
|-
|428||1,540.8||957||1.4{{e|-6}}
||Max speed of [[Engineering:Bell X-1|Bell X-1]].
|-
|464||1,670||1,040||1.55{{e|-6}}
||Speed of [[Astronomy:Earth|Earth's]] rotation at the [[Astronomy:Equator|equator]].
|-
|603||2,170.8||1,350||2{{e|-6}}
||Speed of the [[Engineering:Concorde|Concorde]] airliner.
|-
|975||3,510||2,180||3.25{{e|-6}}
||[[Physics:Muzzle velocity|Muzzle velocity]] of M16 rifle.
|-
|981||3,532||2,194||3.27{{e|-6}}
|SR-71 Blackbird, the fastest [[Engineering:Aircraft|aircraft]] driven by a mechanical [[Engineering:Jet engine|jet engine]].
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! rowspan="13" |10<sup id="3">3</sup>
|1,400||5,040||3,100||4.6{{e|-6}}
||Speed of the [[Engineering:Space Shuttle|Space Shuttle]] when the solid rocket boosters separate.
|-
|1,422
|5,119.2
|3,181.2
|4.7{{e|-6}}
|The speed of fastest commercial cartridge. (.220 Swift, 1.9 grams (29 gr) bullet and 2.7 grams (42 gr) of 3031 powder.)
|-
|1,500||5,400||3,400||5{{e|-6}}
||Speed of sound in [[Chemistry:Water|water]] or in [[Physics:Soft tissue|soft tissue]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.clinicalimagingscience.org/article.asp?issn=2156-7514%3Byear=2011%3Bvolume=1%3Bissue=1%3Bspage=24%3Bepage=24%3Baulast=Valluru |title=clinicalimagingscience.org - Photoacoustic Imaging: Opening New Frontiers in Medical Imaging |access-date=2011-09-21 |archive-date=2013-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130420091031/http://www.clinicalimagingscience.org/article.asp?issn=2156-7514;year=2011;volume=1;issue=1;spage=24;epage=24;aulast=Valluru |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|1,789||6,443||4,002||6{{e|-6}}
||Speed of [[Engineering:BrahMos#Hypersonic Cruise Missile|BrahMos II hypersonic cruise missile]]
|-
|2,000||7,200||4,500||6.7{{e|-6}}
||Estimated speed of a thermal neutron.
|-
|2,019||7,268.4||4,516||6.7{{e|-6}}
||Speed of the [[Engineering:North American X-15|North American X-15]] rocket plane.
|-
|2,375||8,550||5,345||7.9{{e|-6}}
||[[Astronomy:Escape velocity|Escape velocity]] from Moon.
|-
|2,700||9,600||6,000||9{{e|-6}}
||Speed of wind on exoplanet [[Astronomy:HD 189733 b|HD 189733 b]].<ref>[http://dsc.discovery.com/space/top-10/exoplanets/index-06.html Discovery Space: Top 10 Extrasolar Planets] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090303214450/http://dsc.discovery.com/space/top-10/exoplanets/index-06.html |date=2009-03-03 }}</ref>
|-
|2,885||10,385||6,453||9.6{{e|-6}}
||Top speed of the fastest [[Engineering:Rocket sled|rocket sled]].<ref>[http://www.holloman.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=6130 846 TS Hypersonic Upgrade Program] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202185338/http://www.holloman.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=6130 |date=2009-02-02 }}</ref>
|-
|3,373||12,144||7,546||1.125{{e|-5}}
||Speed of the unmanned [[Engineering:NASA X-43|X-43]] rocket/scramjet plane.
|-
|4,500||16,000||10,000||1.5{{e|-5}}
||A typical value for the [[Physics:Specific impulse|specific impulse]] of current [[Engineering:Rocket|rocket]]s.
|-
|7,700||27,700||17,200||2.57{{e|-5}}
||Speed of [[Astronomy:International Space Station|International Space Station]] and typical speed of other [[Astronomy:Satellite|satellite]]s such as the [[Engineering:Space Shuttle|Space Shuttle]] in [[Astronomy:Low Earth orbit|low Earth orbit]].
|-
|7,777||28,000||17,400||2.594{{e|-5}}
||Speed of propagation of the explosion in a detonating cord.
|-
! rowspan="11" |10<sup id="4">4</sup>
|10,600
|38,160
|23,713.65
|0.00004
|Speed of propagation of the explosion of [[Chemistry:Octanitrocubane|Octanitrocubane]] (ONC).
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|11,107||39,985.2||24,846
|0.00004||Speed of [[Engineering:Apollo 10|Apollo 10]] – high speed record for human-crewed vehicle.
|-
|11,200||40,320||25,100
|0.00004||[[Astronomy:Escape velocity|Escape velocity]] from Earth.
|-
|16,100||57,900||36,000
|0.00005||Fastest [[Physics:Projectile|projectile]] velocity (1994).<ref>{{cite news |title=Fastest Gun on Earth: Goals Go Beyond Planet |first=Malcolm W. |last=Browne |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/22/science/fastest-gun-on-earth-goals-go-beyond-planet.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=March 22, 1994 |access-date=July 31, 2011}}</ref>
|-
|16,210||58,356||36,261
|0.00005||Escape speed from Earth by NASA ''[[Astronomy:New Horizons|New Horizons]]'' spacecraft—Fastest escape velocity.
|-
|17,000||61,000||38,000
|0.00006||The approximate speed of the ''[[Astronomy:Voyager 1|Voyager 1]]'' probe relative to the Sun, when it exited the Solar System.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hypertextbook.com/facts/1997/PatricePean.shtml|title=Speed of the Voyager Space Probes|first=Glenn|last=Elert}}</ref>
|-
|29,800||107,280||66,700
|0.00010||Speed of the [[Astronomy:Earth|Earth]] in orbit around the [[Astronomy:Sun|Sun]].
|-
|47,800||172,100||106,900
|0.00016||Atmospheric entry speed of the ''[[Engineering:Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]]'' atmospheric probe—Fastest controlled atmospheric entry for a human-made object.
|-
|66,000||240,000||150,000
|0.00022||Lower speed bound of the steel plate cap from the Pascal-B nuclear test of [[Biology:Operation Plumbbob|Operation Plumbbob]].<ref>[[Biology:Operation Plumbbob|Operation Plumbbob]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=June 2019}}
|-
|70,220||252,800||157,100
|0.00023||Speed of the Helios 2 solar probe.
|-
|73,800||265,000
|165,000||0.00023
|Estimated top speed of the ''[[Engineering:Juno (spacecraft)|Juno]]'' spacecraft (mass ~3600&nbsp;kg) relative to Earth before insertion into Jupiter's orbit — second fastest human-made technical object.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wall |first=Mike |date=July 4, 2016 |title=By Jove! NASA Probe Arrives at Jupiter After 5-Year Trek |url=http://www.space.com/33343-nasa-juno-spacecraft-arrives-jupiter.html |access-date=July 5, 2016 |publisher=Space.com}}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! rowspan="10" |10<sup id="5">5</sup>
|100,000||360,000||224,000
|0.0003||Dust particles in dust accelerators can exceed this speed.<ref>M. Horányi et al.: [https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2016/pdf/1653.pdf The SSERVI - Impact Dust Accelerator Facility at the University of Colorado], 47th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2016), accessed May 30, 2017</ref>
|-
|140,000||540,000||313,170
|0.00047||Approaching [[Physics:Hypervelocity|velocity]] of [[Astronomy:Messier 98|Messier 98]] to our galaxy.
|-
|192,000||690,000||430,000
|0.00064||Predicted top speed of the [[Astronomy:Parker Solar Probe|Parker Solar Probe]] at its closest perihelion in 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/parkersolarprobe_presskit_august2018_final.pdf|title=NASA Press Kit: Parker Solar Probe|publisher=NASA|date=August 2018|access-date=February 13, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Garner|first=Rob|title=Parker Solar Probe: Humanity's First Visit to a Star|url=https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/parker-solar-probe-humanity-s-first-visit-to-a-star|date=August 9, 2018|work=[[Organization:NASA|NASA]]|access-date=February 13, 2020}}</ref>
|-
|200,000||700,000||450,000
|0.00070||Orbital speed of the [[Astronomy:Solar System|Solar System]] in the [[Astronomy:Milky Way|Milky Way]] galaxy.
|-
|308,571||1,080,000||694,288
|0.001||Approaching [[Physics:Hypervelocity|velocity]] of [[Astronomy:Andromeda Galaxy|Andromeda Galaxy]] to our galaxy.
|-
|440,000||1,600,000||980,000
|0.0015||Typical speed of the [[Astronomy:Lightning#Downward leader formation for negative CG lightning|stepped leader of lightning]] (''cf.'' return stroke below).<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1029/JD090iD05p08136|title = Speed and current for lightning stepped leaders near ground as determined from electric field records| journal=Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres| volume=90|issue = D5| pages=8136–8142|year = 1985|last1 = Thomson|first1 = E. M.| last2=Uman| first2=M. A.| last3=Beasley| first3=W. H.|bibcode = 1985JGR....90.8136T}}</ref>
|-
|445,000
|1,600,000
|995,000
|0.0015
|Max velocity of the remaining shell (mass about 0.1&nbsp;mg) of an [[Physics:Inertial confinement fusion|inertial confinement fusion]] capsule driven by the [[Organization:National Ignition Facility|National Ignition Facility]] for the 'Bigfoot' capsule campaign.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lasers.llnl.gov/news/experimental-highlights/2018/february|title='Bigfoot' Prowls the NIF Target Chamber|date=February 2018|website=Lawrence Livermore National Lab}}</ref> Current fastest macroscopic human-made system.
|-
|450,000||1,600,000||1,000,000
|0.0015||Typical speed of a particle of the [[Astronomy:Solar wind|solar wind]], relative to the [[Astronomy:Sun|Sun]].
|-
|552,000||1,990,000||1,230,000
|0.0018||Speed of the [[Astronomy:Milky Way|Milky Way]], relative to the [[Astronomy:Cosmic microwave background|cosmic microwave background]].
|-
|617,700||2,224,000||1,382,000
|0.0021||Escape velocity from the surface of the [[Astronomy:Sun|Sun]].
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="3"|10<sup id="6">6</sup>
|1,000,000||3,600,000||2,200,000
|0.0030||Typical speed of a [[Astronomy:Moreton wave|Moreton wave]] across the surface of the Sun.
|-
|1,610,000||5,800,000||3,600,000
|0.0054||Speed of [[Astronomy:Hypervelocity star|hypervelocity star]] PSR B2224+65, which currently seems to be leaving the [[Astronomy:Milky Way|Milky Way]].
|-
|5,000,000||18,000,000||11,000,000
|0.017||Estimated minimum speed of star [[Astronomy:S2 (star)|S2]] at its closest approach to [[Astronomy:Sagittarius A*|Sagittarius A*]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0226/|title=Surfing a Black Hole - Star Orbiting Massive Milky Way Centre Approaches to within 17 Light-Hours|last=}}</ref>
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!rowspan="2"|10<sup id="7">7</sup>
|14,000,000||50,000,000||31,000,000
|0.047||Typical speed of a fast neutron.
|-
|30,000,000||100,000,000||70,000,000
|0.1||Typical speed of an [[Physics:Electron|electron]] in a [[Engineering:Cathode ray tube|cathode ray tube]].
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! rowspan="9" |10<sup id="8">8</sup>
|100,000,000||360,000,000||220,000,000
|0.3||Typical speed of the [[Astronomy:Lightning#Leader formation and the return stroke|return stroke of lightning]] (''cf.'' stepped leader above).<ref>{{Cite journal | doi=10.1029/GL014i011p01150|title = The propagation speed of a positive lightning return stroke| journal=Geophysical Research Letters| volume=14| issue=11| pages=1150–1153|year = 1987|last1 = Idone|first1 = Vincent P.| last2=Orville| first2=Richard E.| last3=Mach| first3=Douglas M.| last4=Rust| first4=W. David|url = https://zenodo.org/record/1231386|bibcode = 1987GeoRL..14.1150I}}</ref>
|-
|124,000,000||447,000,000||277,000,000
|0.4||Speed of light in a [[Chemistry:Diamond|diamond]] ([[Physics:Refractive index|Refractive index]] 2.417).
|-
|150,000,000||540,000,000||330,000,000
|0.5||The escape velocity of a [[Astronomy:Neutron star|neutron star]].
|-
|200,000,000||720,000,000||440,000,000
|0.7||Speed of a signal in an [[Engineering:Optical fiber|optical fiber]]{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}.
|-
|299,792,456||1,079,252,840||670,615,282
|1 − 9{{e|-9}}||Speed of the 7 [[Physics:TeV|TeV]] [[Physics:Proton|proton]]s in the [[Physics:Large Hadron Collider|Large Hadron Collider]] at full power.<ref>{{Cite web
 | title=LHC beams
 | url=http://lhc-machine-outreach.web.cern.ch/lhc-machine-outreach/beam.htm
 | publisher=[[Organization:CERN|CERN]]
}}</ref>
|-
|299,792,457.996||1,079,252,848.786||670,616,629.38
|1 − 1{{e|-11}}||Maximal speed of an electron in [[Physics:Large Electron–Positron Collider|LEP]] (104.5 GeV).
|-
|299,792,458 − 1.5×10<sup>−15</sup>||1,079,252,848.8 − 5.4×10<sup>−15</sup>||670,616,629.4
|1 − 4.9×10<sup>−24</sup>||Speed of the ''[[Physics:Oh-My-God particle|Oh-My-God particle]]'' [[Astronomy:Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray|ultra-high-energy cosmic ray]].<ref>{{Cite web
 | author=J. Walker
 | date=January 4, 1994
 | title=The Oh-My-God Particle
 | url=http://www.fourmilab.ch/documents/OhMyGodParticle/
 | publisher=Fourmilab
}}</ref>
|-
|'''299,792,458'''||'''1,079,252,848.8'''||670,616,629.4
|'''1'''||[[Physics:Speed of light|Speed of light]] or other [[Physics:Electromagnetic radiation|electromagnetic radiation]] in a [[Physics:Vacuum|vacuum]] or massless particles.
|-
|>299,792,458
|>1,079,252,848.8
|>670,616,629.4
|>1
|Expansion rate of the universe between objects farther apart than the Hubble radius
|}

==See also==
*[[Physics:Projectile#Typical projectile speeds|Typical projectile speeds]] - also showing the corresponding kinetic energy per unit mass
*[[Physics:Neutron temperature|Neutron temperature]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Orders of magnitude}}

[[Category:Units of velocity]]
[[Category:Physical quantities]]
[[Category:Orders of magnitude|Speed]]

{{Sourceattribution|Orders of magnitude (speed)}}