View source for Philosophy:Rosenberg self-esteem scale

{{Short description|Self-report questionnaire}}
The '''Rosenberg self-esteem scale''' ('''RSES'''), developed by the sociologist Morris Rosenberg,<ref>Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. online pdf here: https://www.docdroid.net/Vt9xpBg/society-and-the-adolescent-self-image-morris-rosenberg-1965.pdf </ref> is a [[Philosophy:Self-esteem|self-esteem]] measure widely used in social science research. It uses a scale of 0–30, where a score less than 15 may indicate problematic low self-esteem.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://callhelpline.org.uk/Download/Rosenberg%20Self-Esteem%20Scale.pdf|title=Rosenberg self-esteem scale|website=callhelpline.org.uk, by The Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board|accessdate=January 31, 2017}}</ref> Although the instrument was developed for use with adolsecents, it has been widely used in reserch on adults.<ref>Spector, P.E., & Jex, S.M. (1995). Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale, Organizational Constraints Scale, Quantitative Workload Inventory, and Physical Symptoms Inventory. ''Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,3''(4), 356-367. doi:10.1037//1076-8998.3.4.356</ref><ref>Low, C. A., Matthews, K. A., Kuller, L. H., & Edmundowicz, D. (2011). Psychosocial predictors of coronary artery calcification progression in postmenopausal women. ''Psychosomatic Medicine, 73''(9), 789–794. doi:10.1097/PSY.0b013e318236b68a</ref>

The RSES is designed similar to the social-survey questionnaires. Five of the items have positively worded statements and five have negatively worded ones. The scale measures global self-worth by measuring both positive and negative feelings about the self. The original sample for which the scale was developed consisted of 5,024 high-school juniors and seniors from 10 randomly selected schools in New York State. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale is considered a reliable and valid quantitative tool for self-esteem assessment.<ref>Donnellan, M. B., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Robins, R. W. (2015). Measuring self-esteem.  In G. J. Boyle, D. H. Saklofske, & G. Matthews (Eds.). Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Constructs (pp. 131-157). San Diego, CA: Elsevier.</ref>

The RSES has been translated and adapted to various languages, such as Persian,<ref>Shapurian, R., Hojat, M., & Nayerahmadi, H. (1987). Psychometric characteristics and dimensionality of a Persian version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 65, 27–34.</ref> French,<ref>Vallieres, E.F., & Vallerand, R.J. (1990). [https://web.archive.org/web/20061125140046/http://www.er.uqam.ca/nobel/r26710/LRCS/papers/37.pdf Traduction et validation Canadienne-Française de l’Echelle de l’Estime de soi de Rosenberg.] International Journal of Psychology, 25, 305–316. (in French)</ref> Chinese,<ref>Cheng, S.T., & Hamid, P.N. (1995). An error in the use of translated scales: The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale for Chinese. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 81, 431–434.</ref> Italian,<ref>Prezza, M., Trombaccia, F.R., & Armento, L. (1997). La scala dell´autostima di Rosenberg: traduzione e validazione italiana. Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata, 223, 35–44</ref> German,<ref>von Collani, G., & Herzberg, P. Y. (2003). Eine revidierte Fassung der deutschsprachigen Skala zum Selbstwertgefühl von Rosenberg. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychology, 24, 3–7.</ref> Portuguese,<ref>Santos, P.J., & Maia, J. (2003). Análise factorial confirmatória e validaçao preliminar de uma versao portuguesa da escala de auto-estima de Rosenberg. Psicologia: Teoria, Investigaçao e Prática, 2, 253–268.</ref> and Spanish.<ref>José Martín-Albo, Juan L. Núñez, José G. Navarro, & Fernando Grijalvo (2007) [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jose_Martin-Albo/publication/5853773_The_Rosenberg_Self-Esteem_Scale_Translation_and_Validation_in_University_Students/links/0deec52b437930737c000000/The-Rosenberg-Self-Esteem-Scale-Translation-and-Validation-in-University-Students.pdf The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale: Translation and Validation in University Students.] The Spanish Journal of Psychology Vol. 10, No. 2, 458–467</ref> The scale is extensively used in cross-cultural studies in up to 53 different nations.<ref>Schmitt, D.P., & Allik, J. (2005). [http://psych.ut.ee/~jyri/en/Schmitt-Allik_JPSP2005.pdf Simultaneous administration of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale in 53 nations: Exploring the universal and culture-specific features of global self esteem.] Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 623–642.</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Social:Psychological testing|Psychological testing]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/RSE.php Online Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale}}
[[Category:Conceptions of self]]
[[Category:Motivation]]

{{Sourceattribution|Rosenberg self-esteem scale}}