View source for Medicine:Corneal ectatic disorders

'''Corneal ectatic disorders''' or corneal ectasia are a group of uncommon, noninflammatory, eye disorders characterised by bilateral thinning of the central, paracentral, or peripheral [[Medicine:Cornea|cornea]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Corneal ectatic disorders (keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration)|url=http://one.aao.org/bcscsnippetdetail.aspx?id=509158fd-490f-432f-bdce-55b4f31b100e|website=AAO ONE Network|publisher=American Academy of Ophthalmology}}</ref>
==Types==
*[[Medicine:Keratoconus|Keratoconus]], a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral, asymmetric disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion.<ref name=WeissmanMedscape>{{cite journal|last1=Weissman|first1=Barry A|last2=Yeung|first2=Karen K|title=Keratoconus|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1194693-overview#showall|website=Medscape|date=2019-05-30}}</ref>
*Keratoglobus, a rare noninflammatory corneal thinning disorder, characterised by generalised thinning and globular protrusion of the cornea.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Wallang|first1=B S|last2=Das|first2=S|title=Keratoglobus|journal=Eye|date=28 June 2013|volume=27|issue=9|pages=1004–1012|doi=10.1038/eye.2013.130|pmid=23807384|pmc=3772364}}</ref>
*Pellucid marginal degeneration, a bilateral, noninflammatory disorder, characterized by a peripheral band of thinning of the inferior cornea.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Rasheed|first1=Karim|last2=Rabinowitz|first2=Yaron|title=Pellucid Marginal Degeneration|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1196382-overview#showall|website=[[Medicine:Medscape|Medscape]]|date=2018-12-24}}</ref>
*Posterior keratoconus, a rare condition, usually congenital, which causes a nonprogressive thinning of the inner surface of the cornea, while the curvature of the anterior surface remains normal. Usually only a single eye is affected.
*[[Medicine:Post-LASIK ectasia|Post-LASIK ectasia]], a complication of LASIK eye surgery.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ectasia After LASIK|url=http://eyewiki.aao.org/Ectasia_After_LASIK|publisher=American Academy of Ophthalmology}}</ref>
*[[Medicine:Terrien's marginal degeneration|Terrien's marginal degeneration]], a painless, noninflammatory, unilateral or asymmetrically bilateral, slowly progressive thinning of the peripheral corneal stroma.<ref name="aaoone">{{cite web|title=Terrien marginal degeneration|url=http://one.aao.org/bcscsnippetdetail.aspx?id=2a425fcf-a3b3-47b6-acf8-643b6a9f7f93|publisher=American Academy of Ophthalmology}}</ref>
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==Signs and symptoms==

== Diagnosis ==

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==Diagnosis==
Usually diagnosed clinically by several clinical tests. Although some investigations might needed for confirming the diagnosis and to differentiate different types of corneal ectatic diseases.{{cn|date=September 2022}}
*Corneal topography
*Corneal tomography

==Treatment==
Treatment options include contact lenses and intrastromal corneal ring segments for correcting refractive errors caused by irregular corneal surface,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Marsack|first1=Jason D.|last2=Parker|first2=Katrina E.|last3=Applegate|first3=Raymond A.|title=Performance of Wavefront-Guided Soft Lenses in Three Keratoconus Subjects|journal=Optometry and Vision Science|date=December 2008|volume=85|issue=12|pages=E1172–E1178|doi=10.1097/OPX.0b013e31818e8eaa|pmc=2614306|pmid=19050464}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Marsack|first1=JD|last2=Parker|first2=KE|last3=Niu|first3=Y|last4=Pesudovs|first4=K|last5=Applegate|first5=RA|title=On-eye performance of custom wavefront-guided soft contact lenses in a habitual soft lens-wearing keratoconic patient.|journal=Journal of Refractive Surgery|date=November 2007|volume=23|issue=9|pages=960–4|pmid=18041254|doi=10.3928/1081-597x-20071101-18}}</ref> corneal collagen cross-linking to strengthen a weak and ectatic cornea,<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Avni-Zauberman|first1=N|last2=Rootman|first2=DS|title=Cross-linking and intracorneal ring segments--review of the literature.|journal=Eye & Contact Lens|date=November 2014|volume=40|issue=6|pages=365–70|pmid=25320956|doi=10.1097/icl.0000000000000091|s2cid=38858189}}</ref> or corneal transplant for advanced cases.

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.ijkecd.com/ International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases]
<!-- * [http://eyewiki.org/Ectasia_Risk_in_Topography Ectasia risk, topography eyewiki] -->

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[[Category:Eye diseases]]

{{Sourceattribution|Corneal ectatic disorders}}