View source for Engineering:Type B videotape

{{short description|Broadcast magnetic tape-based videotape format used in Europe}}
{{Infobox storage medium
| name = Type B Videotape
| logo = 
| image = Open reel tape, Type B.jpg
| caption = Type B videotape, one hour reel
| type = Magnetic Tape
| encoding = [[Engineering:NTSC|NTSC]], [[Engineering:PAL|PAL]], [[Engineering:SECAM|SECAM]]
| capacity = Up to 2 hours (120 Min.)
| read = [[Engineering:Helical scan|Helical scan]]
| write = [[Engineering:Helical scan|Helical scan]]
| standard = [[Interlaced video]]
| owner = Bosch [[Company:Fernseh|Fernseh]]
| use = [[Engineering:Video production|Video production]]
| common lengths  = 
| dimensions = 1 Inch reel to reel
| extended from = 
| extended to = 
}}
'''1&ndash;inch type B''' VTR (designated Type B by SMPTE) is a reel-to-reel [[Engineering:Analog recording|analog recording]] video tape format developed by the Bosch [[Company:Fernseh|Fernseh]] division of Bosch in Germany in 1976. The [[Physics:Magnetic tape|magnetic tape]] format became the broadcasting standard in continental Europe, but adoption was limited in the United States and United Kingdom, where the [[Engineering:Type C videotape|Type C videotape]] VTR met with greater success.<ref>[http://journal.smpte.org/content/90/5/385.full.pdf SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal page 289-299, 1981]</ref><ref>[http://watvhistory.com/2009/04/shane-nugent-videotape-operations-1974-2004/ watvhistory.com, Shane Nugent Videotape Operations 1974-2004,  by ken On April - 8 - 2009]</ref><ref>[https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/5-our-21-bcn-51-videotape-recorders-jan-plomp/ inkedin.com/ BCN 51 Videotape Recorders, September 20, 2017, Jan Plomp]</ref><ref>[https://www.inn-archive.com/en/videoprof/Bosch-BCN-1-inch-B/ inn-archive.com, Bosch BCN 1 inch]</ref>

==Details==
The tape speed allowed 96 minutes on a large reel (later 120 minutes), and used 2 record/playback (R/P) heads on the drum rotating at 9,000 RPM with a 190-degree wrap around a very small head drum, recording 52 video lines per head segment. A single video frame or field was recorded across 6 tracks in the tape. The format only allowed for play, rewind and fast forward.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nfsa.gov.au/preservation/preservation-glossary/video-tape |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406093312/https://www.nfsa.gov.au/preservation/preservation-glossary/video-tape |archive-date=2019-04-06 |title=Videotape {{!}} NFSA}}</ref> Video is recorded on an FM signal with a bandwidth of 5.5&nbsp;MHz. Three longitudinal audio tracks are recorded on the tape as well: two audio and one [[Engineering:Linear timecode|Linear timecode]] (LTC) track.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=7WrCSCqMk5gC&dq=Bosch+Fernseh+BCN++specifications&pg=PA174 Magnetic recording: the first 100 years, page 174-175, By Eric D. Daniel, C. Denis Mee, Mark H. Clark]</ref><ref>[http://www.angelfire.com/fl3/FDL60/rec.htm BNC recorders]</ref><ref>[http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4287539.html freepatentsonline.com, BCN Patent]</ref> BCN 50 VTRs were used at the 1980 Summer Olympics in [[Place:Moscow|Moscow]].<ref>SMPTE, Aug. 25, 2008 Issue, page 2, BCNs at the 1980 Moscow Summer Olympics Moscow</ref>

The format required an optional, and costly, digital framestore in addition to the normal analog timebase corrector to do any "trick-play" operations, such as slow motion/variable-speed playback, frame step play, and visible shuttle functions. This was because, unlike [[Engineering:Type C videotape|1-inch type C]] which recorded one field per [[Engineering:Helical scan|helical scan]] track on the tape, Type B segmented each [[Engineering:Field (video)|field]] to 5 or 6 tracks per field according to whether it was a 525- ([[Engineering:NTSC|NTSC]]) or 625- ([[Engineering:PAL|PAL]]) line machine.<ref>[http://journal.smpte.org/content/88/12/823.abstract Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, The BCN System for Magnetic Recording of Television Programs by Heinrich L. Zahn1]</ref>

The picture quality was excellent, and standard R/P machines, digital frame store machines, reel-to-reel portables, random access cart machines (for playback of short-form video material such as television commercials), and portable cart versions were marketed.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=TOMOmmrvwCcC&dq=Bosch+Fernseh+BCN+VTR+SPECS&pg=PA196 The History of Television, 1942 to 2000, page 196, By Albert Abramson, Christopher H. Sterling]</ref><ref>[http://videopreservation.conservation-us.org/vid_guide/9/9.html Charles Bensinger, 1981, The Video Guide, page 101]</ref>

Echo Science Corporation, a United States company, made units like a BCN 1 for the U.S. military for a short time in the 1970s. Echo Science models were Pilot 1, Echo 460, Pilot 260.<ref>[http://www.labguysworld.com/PrecisionEcho-521.htm labguysworld.com Arvin/Echo]</ref><ref>[http://www.fernsehmuseum.info/vtr-review-1975.html fernsehmuseum.info 1975&nbsp;– Bosch-Fernseh BCN 20 / BCN 40/50 1" tape]</ref><ref>Echo Science Corp., located in Mountain View, California was a subsidiary of Arvin Industries, Inc., based in Columbus, Indiana, from 1974 to 1981. It was also known as "Arvin/Echo" for short.  http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/history2/15/Arvin-Industries-Inc.html</ref>

[[File:Bcn-scanner-head.jpg|thumb|Type B video Scanner Head]]
[[File:BCN-20-VTR-CLOSEUP.jpg|thumb|Type B VTR, BCN 20 Tape Desk and video Scanner]]

==Models introduced==
*BCR (BCR-40, BCR-50 and BCR-60) was a pre BCN VTR, made jointly with [[Company:Philips|Philips]], the large scanner made it not useful.<ref>[http://www.vtoldboys.com/mont87.htm vtoldboys.com] The Bosch/Philips BCR 1" helical scan TVR that was shown in 1973 and preceded the BCN.</ref>
*BCN-40  (1976, record unit with no TBC playback)<ref>[http://www.broadcasting101.ws/bcn-vtrs.jpg broadcasting101.w] BCN 40 (right side) and BCN 50 (left side)</ref>
*BCN-50  (1976, recorder with TBC playback)<ref>[http://www.broadcasting101.ws/bcn-vtr.jpg broadcasting101.ws] BCN 50 deck</ref>
*BCN-20  (1976, one hour, portable with no TBC playback)<ref>[http://www.broadcasting101.ws/remoteunit.jpg broadcasting101.ws] Prototype BCN 20 with a Bosch KCR camera</ref><ref>[https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-Broadcast/Archive-Broadcast-Engineering-IDX/BE/70s/BE-1978-03-OCR-Page-0105.pdf ''worldradiohistory.com'' BCN 20]</ref>
*BCWQ   ("L" Unit for BCN20/21, added TBC playback to the portable units)
*Effects control option for digital framestore, for freeze frame, quad split and mirror effects (early digital [[Special effect]]s).
*BNC-51  (recorder with TBC playback, optional Slow motion and visible shuttle)
*BCN-5   (26{{frac|1|2}} pound, portable cart recorder, 40 min)<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=JMTnTBmt7F0C&dq=Bosch+Fernseh+1980+BCN+Moscow+Summer+Olympics&pg=PA183 The history of television, 1942 to 2000 By Albert Abramson, page 183]</ref><ref>[http://www.adsausage.com/electronics/broadcast/ad.cfm?id=15601 adsausage.com] BCN 5 and BCN 20 add</ref><ref>[http://www.fernsehmuseum.info/index.php?eID=tx_cms_showpic&file=uploads%2Fpics%2FBCN-5-2498-fundus-small.jpg&width=1280m&height=1024m&bodyTag=%3Cbody%20style%3D%22margin%3A0%3B%20background%3A%23fff%3B%22%3E&wrap=%3Ca%20href%3D%22javascript%3Aclose%28%29%3B%22%3E%20|%20%3C%2Fa%3E&md5=ad9a7062abaddc2655a9a179be45507b fernsehmuseum.info, BCN-5 photo]</ref>
*BCN-100 (random access 32 multicassette machine, up to 16 hours rec/playback-20 min per tape) Each unit had 3 tape desks with a 21 sec load time each cart. For on air playback and 3 deck editing system<ref>[http://journal.smpte.org/content/88/10/local/advertising.pdf journal.smpte.org] .SMPTE, journal page 744, The BCN 100,Oct 1979</ref><ref>[http://www.fernsehmuseum.info/index.php?eID=tx_cms_showpic&file=uploads%2Fpics%2FBCN-100-promo-foto.jpg&width=1280m&height=1024m&bodyTag=%3Cbody%20style%3D%22margin%3A0%3B%20background%3A%23fff%3B%22%3E&wrap=%3Ca%20href%3D%22javascript%3Aclose%28%29%3B%22%3E%20|%20%3C%2Fa%3E&md5=1ddb49ed373834d16c0f48fee4138acd fernsehmuseum.info, BCN-100 photo]</ref><ref>[https://worldradiohistory.com/hd2/IDX-Site-Technical/Engineering-Broadcast/Archive-Broadcast-Engineering-IDX/BE/80s/BE-1983-10-OCR-Page-0121.pdf ''worldradiohistory.com'' BNC Models ] </ref>
*BCN-52  (recorder with [[Digital data|Digital]] TBC playback, with slow motion & visible shuttle)
*BCN-21  (lightweight reel to reel portable with no TBC playback, first [[Chemistry:Composite material|Composite material]] VTR)<ref>[http://www.radiomuseum.org/r/fernseh_bcn_21bcn2.html adiomuseum.org BCN 21, with specs]</ref><ref>[http://loreoutlet.dyndns.org/collsite/video/reeltoreel/bcn21/gallery.html dyndns.org, Reel To Reel COLLsite BOSCH BCN 21 Gallery]</ref><ref>[https://www.radiomuseum.org/r/fernseh_bcn_21bcn2.html ''radiomuseum.org'' BCN 21]</ref>
*BCN-53  (recorder with [[Digital data|Digital]] TBC playback, with slow motion & visible shuttle)<ref>[http://buschratte.blogspot.com/2010/07/studio-video-recorder-bcn-53-von-bosch.html German page on BCN53],</ref><ref>[https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=auto&tl=en&js=n&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&layout=2&eotf=1&u=http%3A%2F%2Fbuschratte.blogspot.com%2F2010%2F07%2Fstudio-video-recorder-bcn-53-von-bosch.html&act=url Eng. translation by google on BCN53]</ref>
*HR-400: [[Company:RCA|RCA]] also sold the BCN-50 as an HR-400.<ref>[http://www.oldradio.com/archives/hardware/TV/RCA-TV.htm RCA TV Equipment Section of The Broadcast Archive, Maintained by: Barry Mishkind, a RCA HR-400]</ref>

==Special BCN units==
*Ruxton Video in Burbank (1970–1980s) used modified BCNs for [[Engineering:Film frame|24 Frame]] playback to TVs used on movie studio sets. Thus the TVs had no [[Engineering:Flicker (screen)|flicker]] when seen on film, due to the film-compatible [[Frame rate|frame rate]]. In 1981, Bill Hogan of Ruxton Ltd received an Academy Award for Technical Achievement for his 24frame TV  work.<ref>[http://www.spudcentral.com/lahs/1981.html Oscar Technical Achievement Award], Bill Hogan (II) (Ruxton, Ltd); Richard J. Stumpf (Universal City Studios' Production Sound Department); Daniel R. Brewer (Universal City Studios' Production Sound Department)- For the engineering of a 24-frame color video system.</ref><ref>[https://www.imdb.com/event/ev0000003/1982 imdb.com] Academy Awards, Technical Achievement Award, Bill Hogan (II) (Ruxton, Ltd), March 29, 1982, Los Angeles, California</ref>
*Image Transform in Universal City, co-founded by Ken Holland, in 1970,<ref>[http://www.dv.com/article/70868 NewBay Media] The Top Guns of Digital Intermediate, January 28, 2004, Ken Holland</ref> used specially modified BCNs to record 24-frame video also, but for their "Image Vision" system. The BCN would record and play back 24-frame video at 10&nbsp;MHz bandwidth, with 655-line resolution.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gregory |first1=Lee |title=ImageVision Meets Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl |journal=American Cinematographer |date=January 1983 |volume=64}}</ref> To record this the headwheel and capstan ran at twice normal speed. Modified 24 frame/s 10&nbsp;MHz Bosch Fernseh KCK-40 [[Engineering:Professional video camera|professional video camera]]s were used on the set. This was a custom pre-[[Engineering:HDTV|HDTV]] video system. This Image Vision recording could then be recorded to film on a modified 3M Electron Beam [[Film recorder|film recorder]] (EBR). Image Transform had modified other gear for this process. The system was used to record "Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl" in 1982. This was the first major use of early electronic cinema technology (using wideband high-resolution analog video technology, predating IT-based DI ([[Digital intermediate|digital intermediate]]) post production for film nowadays) using a film recorder for Film out. [[Engineering:Electronovision|Electronovision]] was also a pre-process like Image Vision. Merlin Engineering also worked on the BCN's wide bandwidth, 10&nbsp;MHz, BCN modification.<ref>[http://www.amiaconference.com/techrev/V10_01/sturm_sargent.htm Tech Review with Al Sturm, April 2011]</ref><ref>[http://dave.zfx.com/hist.html 24frame dave.zfx.com BCN history at Image Transform]</ref>
*Bell and Howell (later Rank Video Services) used special BCNs for mass [[VHS]] duplication. These specially-modified BCN VTRs could play back movies at two times the normal speed. In addition, the sync signals were also at two times speed as well.  For proper playback, the headwheel and capstan also ran at twice normal speed. Specially modified VHS [[Engineering:Videocassette recorder|recorders]] could record this [[Engineering:Video|video]]. In doing this, the duplication [[History:Factory|plant]] could output twice the product than normal videocassette duplicating systems.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=CyUEAAAAMBAJ&dq=Bell+and+Howell+mass+VHS+duplication.+northbrook+illinois&pg=PT113 Billboard Nov 17, 1979] VHS duplication</ref><ref>[http://www.epatents.gov.sg/pe/DisGazette.asp?AppNo=1997905673&ImgID=I000096876 epatents.gov] SYSTEM FOR DUPLICATING INFORMATION RECORDED IN SLANTED TRACKS, RANK VIDEO SERVICES AMERICA</ref><ref>[http://audiosystemsgroup.com/AESConsumerVideotapeDup.pdf audiosystemsgroup.com] Page 129, CONSUMER VIDEO TAPE DUPLICATION TECHNIQUES, A TUTORIAL, by Jim Brown, SOUND ENGINEERING ASSOCIATES
CHICAGO, ILL., CONSULTANTS TO BELL AND HOWELL/COLUMBIA PICTURES VIDEO SERVICES</ref>

* Bell and Howell's Data Tape division in Pasadena, California modified BCNs to record high speed [[Data#Uses of data in computing|data]] for [[Engineering:Instrumentation|instrumentation]] purposes. These instrumentation recordings were mostly used by US government agencies, such as for [[Organization:NASA|NASA]] on the [[Engineering:Space Shuttle|Space Shuttle]]. This unit could record data from up to 800 sensors.<ref>[http://www.sypris.com/sypris-electronics/recording-products Sypris Company] on Bell and Howell's Data Tape division</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=2otFgtEgfiEC Computerworld] Nov. 12, 1975 on Bell and Howell's Data Tape division</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=DvQKQf66qosC&q=Bell+and+Howell+Data+Tape+division+in&pg=PT18 Computerworld] May 7, 1975 on Bell and Howell's Data Tape division</ref>
*Because of the small scanner, BCNs could record even at high [[Physics:G-force|''g''-forces]]. Hand picked BCN20 VTRs could record at low temperatures, down to -40&nbsp;°C (-40&nbsp;°F). This was done at the Olympic Winter Games in Lake Placid (1980) and in Sarajevo (1984).<ref>[http://www.docstoc.com/docs/95071492/PAGE-TWO SMPTE] Page two on the Lake Placid (1980)</ref>
* Some users modified BCNs to fit 2-hour reels of tape on the BCN, so complete 2-hour movies could fit on one reel of tape. Bosch later made this a factory option, and was designated as BCN LP.
* Bosch also offered SLP BCN, a "long-play" variant of the format.  It moved the tape at 1/3 speed so that up to 6 hours could be recorded one reel. The unit has a special head wheel with [[Engineering:Azimuth recording|azimuth head]]. This was mostly used for [[Time zone|time zone]] tape delay by television networks. With a head wheel change and a switch the unit could be returned to normal play.
* Between 1977 and 1980 the UK Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) experimented with a B format machine as part of their researches into digital video broadcasting standards. In April 1980 a machine was exhibited at a meeting of the EBU Technical Committee in London as part of a complete digital studio system based on a proposed video standard based on YUV 12.4.4.  The machine is described in a paper in the IBA Technical Review of March 1982 which can be found here <ref>{{cite web | url=https://u.pcloud.link/publink/show?code=kZF58QkZu1NO9K0JYw0bfmabV2pRQVXAFGb7 | title=NTLPA Gallery - Shared with pCloud }}</ref> by scrolling down to the item IBA_TechnicalReviews1-24""
* One of the first [[Digital data|Digital]] SDTV VTRs was a non-production [[Engineering:Prototype|prototype]] BCN deck that could record and play back early type of CCIR 601 [[Digital data|digital]] signals. These three Bosch VTRs paved the way for the later SMPTE D1 VTR standard. In 1985 and 1986 in a Rennes experimental digital studio in {{wipe|France}}, an experimental all-digital television center was made, it used the two all digital BCN units.<ref>[http://journal.smpte.org/content/95/1/13.abstract journal.smpte.org] An Experimental All-Digital Television Center, by D. Nasse1, J. L. Grimaldi2 and A. Cayet3</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=TOMOmmrvwCcC&dq=%22The+World%27s+First+All-Digital+Television+Production%22&pg=PA209 The History of Television, 1942 to 2000],  By Albert Abramson, Christopher H., page 209.</ref><ref>[http://journal.smpte.org/content/96/1/11.abstract?related-urls=yes&legid=smptej;96/1/11  journal.smpte.org] The World's First All-Digital Television Production,by Michel Oudin, Jan 1, 1987</ref>
* The '''BCH 1000''' is an [[Engineering:Analog high-definition television system|analog high-definition television]] VTR that records and playbacks [[Engineering:HD-MAC|HD-MAC]] at 50 frames per second, each at a resolution of 2048×1152. The BCH 1000 was used in the 1992 Summer Olympic Games in [[Place:Barcelona|Barcelona]] and 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville. It used 8 video heads to handle the increased bandwidth requirements of HD-MAC, due to its high resolution.<ref>[http://www.live-production.tv/case-studies/sports/brief-review-hdtv-europe-early-90%E2%80%99s.html  Live Production], A Brief Review on HDTV in Europe in the early 90s</ref><ref>[http://tech.ebu.ch/docs/techreview/trev_254-tejerina.pdf tech.ebu.ch] HDTV at 1992 Expo</ref><ref>[http://tech.ebu.ch/docs/techreview/trev_253-analogue.pdf tech.ebu.ch] Analog HDTV</ref><ref>[http://journal.smpte.org/content/96/1/11.abstract journal.smpte.org] https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7259044 The World's First All-Digital Television Production, by  Michel Oudin, 1987</ref>

<gallery>
Image:BOSCH 1 ZOLL B BCN 51.jpg|BCN 51 VTR
File:BCN 52 type B VTR.jpg | BCN 52 VTR
File:BNC HDTV VTR-type B deck.jpg | Broadcast Television Systems Inc. (BTS) BCH-1000 HDTV [[Engineering:HD-MAC|HD-MAC]] B VTR
File:BCN 20 VTR L unit playback.jpg|BCN 20 VTR with "L unit" playback with TBC.
Image:BCN-20-VTR.jpg|BCN 20 VTR hand held VTR recorder.
</gallery>

==Specifications==
* 1 Inch open reel to reel analog video system.
* Video scanner rotation 9600 rpm, 150 rps.
* 52 horizontal lines per head.
* Video FM signal at a bandwidth of 5,5&nbsp;MHz
* Three analog audio tracks: 2 audio tracks and 1 linear timecode track, 0.8mm wide - 30 mils
* One analog control track 0.4mm wide - 15 mils, built into video scanner head.
* Magnetic tape coating on the outside of the videotape reel. 
* Studio reel 96 minutes, later 120 minutes
* Portable reel 60 minutes
* Cart reel 20 minutes (BCN5 - BCN100)
* Video scanner wrap 190 deg.
* Video scanner dia. 50.3mm,  2 inches
* Video track length 3.1 inches, 80mm
* Video track gap 40&nbsp;um, 1.5 mils
* Tape speed 24&nbsp;cm/sec - 9.5 ips.
* Video head write speed: 24m /sec - 950 ips
* Video track angle 14.3 deg.
* Video track width 160&nbsp;um - 6.3 mils
* Two video record/play heads at 180 deg.  (rotary transformer)
* Two video erase head for insert edits at 180 deg. (rotary transformer)
<ref>[http://www.fernsehmuseum.info/index.php?eID=tx_cms_showpic&file=uploads%2Fpics%2FBCN-Konzept-1980-Seite-06-bild.jpg&width=1280m&height=1024m&bodyTag=%3Cbody%20style%3D%22margin%3A0%3B%20background%3A%23fff%3B%22%3E&wrap=%3Ca%20href%3D%22javascript%3Aclose%28%29%3B%22%3E%20%7C%20%3C%2Fa%3E&md5=12a46047966cf837d9cf95c533c28c8c BCN specs, chart]</ref><ref>[http://www.fernsehmuseum.info/das-bosch-bcn-b-format.html BCNN Specs]</ref>

==Some BCN users==
* ABC-TV at MCF [https://www.loc.gov/film/tvabcchilson.pdf]
* AME&nbsp;– Hollywood, California
* Aquarius Theater&nbsp;–Hollywood, California
* Astin Moore, Los Angeles, California; see John Astin
* ATC–Buenos Aires, Argentina
* Audio Plus Video&nbsp;– Los Angeles, California and Northvale, New York
* Australian Film & Television School, Sydney (now Australian Film, Television & Radio School)
* Bell and Howell, (Rank Video Services)&nbsp;– Oak Brook, Illinois
* Bell and Howell Data Tape&nbsp;– Pasadena, California
* Cinema Video Processors&nbsp;– Chicago, Illinois
* Complete Post&nbsp;– Hollywood, California
* Cossey Studios&nbsp;– Santa Cruz, California
* Dash Motorcars&nbsp;– Santa Cruz, California
* [https://www.dcvideo.com/ DC Video]&nbsp;– current user&nbsp;– Burbank, California
* Editel&nbsp;– Hollywood, California
* Eesti Televisioon
* Glendale Studios (Outpost Video)&nbsp;– Glendale, California
* Image Transform&nbsp;– Universal City, California
* KCPT&nbsp;– Kansas City, Missouri
* KPAZ-TV&nbsp;– Phoenix, Arizona
* KTBN-TV&nbsp;– Costa Mesa, California
* KTBO-TV&nbsp;– Oklahoma, Oklahoma
* KTBW-TV Tacoma, Washington
* Laser Pacific&nbsp;– Hollywood, California
* Leon Russell&nbsp;– Burbank, California and Tulsa, Oklahoma
* 4MC&nbsp;– Burbank, California
* Measurement Analysis&nbsp;– Torrance, California
* Merlin&nbsp;– Palo Alto, California
* Modern Video Film&nbsp;– Hollywood, California
* [[Organization:National Institutes of Health|National Institutes of Health]]- Bethesda, Maryland
* [[Organization:Oral Roberts University|Oral Roberts University]]&nbsp;– Tulsa, Oklahoma
* ORF-Austrian Broadcasting Corporation&nbsp;– Vienna, Austria
* Premore (see Solo Cup Company)&nbsp;– Culver City, California
* Ruxton&nbsp;– Burbank, California
* Spin Physics&nbsp;– San Diego, California
* Starfax &nbsp;– Burbank, California
* STW Channel 9 - Perth, Western Australia
* [[Company:Technicolor|Technicolor]]&nbsp;– Newberry Park, California
* The Video Tape Company&nbsp;– North Hollywood, California
* The Videography Studios&nbsp;– West Los Angeles, California
* TV2 in Framersheim, Germany
* Tyne Tees Television, Newcastle UK used the BCN100 cart system for commercial playout
* VDI&nbsp;– Hollywood, California
* Video Business&nbsp;– New York, New York
* Video Pack&nbsp;– New York, New York
* Video Tape Company&nbsp;– Burbank, California
* Vidtronics&nbsp;– Hollywood, California
* WHFT-TV&nbsp;– Pembroke Park, Florida
* WJYL-CD&nbsp;–  Louisville, Kentucky
* WTVY&nbsp;– Dothan, Alabama
* Yorkshire Television, Leeds UK used the BCN100 cart system for commercial playout
* ZDF in [[Place:Mainz|Mainz]], Germany

==See also==
* Ampex 2 inch helical VTR
* D1
* [[Engineering:D6 HDTV VTR|D6 HDTV VTR]]
* [[Company:Fernseh|Fernseh]]
* 1 inch type A videotape
* 1 inch type C videotape
* [[IVC videotape format]]
* VTR

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.vtoldboys.com/arc08.htm vtoldboys.com BCN Pictures]
* The history of television, 1942 to 2000, page 197,  By Albert Abramson [https://books.google.com/books?id=JMTnTBmt7F0C&pg=PA304]
*[http://dcvideo.com/obsolete-video-formats/1-inch-smpte-type-b.html DC Video BNC page, Current user]
*[http://www.little-archives.net/guide/content/2_1inch_b_format.htm little-archives.net BCN Specs]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g_f-rCC4WBw youtube.com BCN studio demo]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xX0bsKUdT8 youtube.com BCN20 demo]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bSODnLPNzoU youtube.com BCN 51 PAL studio demo]
* {{IMDb title|0084352|Monty Python Live at the Hollywood Bowl}}

{{Video storage formats}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Type B Videotape}}
[[Category:Television technology]]
[[Category:Television terminology]]

{{Sourceattribution|Type B videotape}}