View source for Engineering:High Resolution Stereo Camera

'''High Resolution Stereo Camera''' (HRSC) is a [[Physics:Camera|camera]] [[Experiment|experiment]] on ''[[Astronomy:Mars Express|Mars Express]]''.<ref name=dlr>[http://berlinadmin.dlr.de/Missions/express/kamera/kameraeng.shtml DLR – HRSC on Mars Express] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117135618/http://berlinadmin.dlr.de/Missions/express/kamera/kameraeng.shtml |date=2012-01-17 }}</ref> A version for [[Astronomy:Earth|Earth]] called HRSC-AX was also developed, as was a version for [[Astronomy:Mars 96|Mars 96]].<ref name=dlr/> It has four main parts: camera head, super resolution channel,  instrument frame, and digital unit.<ref name=dlr/> At an altitude of 250&nbsp;km from [[Astronomy:Mars|Mars]], SRC can produce images with a resolution of 2.3 meters/[[Pixel|pixel]] of 2.35&nbsp;km square Mars terrain.<ref name=dlr/> It has 9 channels and can produce digital terrain models.<ref name=dlr/> A typical image from HRSC of Mars has a resolution ranging from  12.5 for nadir (directly down) to 25 m/pixel for the farthest off-nadir shots, which can be up to 18.9 degrees.<ref name="phys.org">{{Cite web | url=http://phys.org/news/2015-12-high-resolution-imaging-dynamic-surface-mars.html | title=High-resolution repeat imaging allows detecting dynamic surface processes on Mars}}</ref>
By 2012, about 61.5% of the surface of Mars was mapped at a resolution of at least 20 meters per pixel by the ''Mars Express'' mission using this camera.<ref>[http://www.esa.int/spaceinimages/Images/2013/02/Mapping_Mars ESA -Mapping Mars]</ref> Another area of study is repeat imaging, to allow the study of dynamic processes on Mars.<ref name="phys.org"/><ref>{{cite journal| doi=10.1016/j.pss.2015.06.017 | volume=117 | title=On the status of orbital high-resolution repeat imaging of Mars for the observation of dynamic surface processes | year=2015 | journal=Planetary and Space Science | pages=207–222 | last1 = Sidiropoulos | first1 = P. | last2 = Muller | first2 = J.-P.| bibcode=2015P&SS..117..207S | url=http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1472609/1/1-s2.0-S0032063315001956-main.pdf | doi-access=free }}</ref> Another trick is to make short videos of the Mars surface by taking advantage of the pushbroom nature of the detector, each section is slightly offset for a different color, but when combined each view be used to make a short animation.<ref>[http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2016/1104-capturing-martian-weather-in-motion.html TPS – Capturing Martian Weather in Motion – November 4, 2016]</ref>

By the start of 2015, about 70% of Mars had been imaged by Mars at resolutions greater than 20 m  per pixel, and 97% at resolutions of least 60 m per pixel.<reF>[https://elib.dlr.de/100711/1/1057.pdf THE  HIGH  RESOLUTION  STEREO  CAMERA  (HRSC):  STATUS  AND  FACTS (2015) ]</ref>

==Example observation==
[[Astronomy:Orcus Patera|Orcus Patera]], imaged by the HRSC:
{{multiple image
|align      = center
|direction  = vertical
|image1     = Orcus Patera by HRSC.jpg
|width      = 800
|caption1   = ''Mars Express'' HRSC view of Orcus Patera (Courtesy of the ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum))
|image2     = Elevation of Orcus Patera and surroundings.jpg
|caption2   = ''Mars Express'' HRSC view of Orcus Patera with colors for elevation  (Courtesy of the ESA/DLR/FU Berlin (G. Neukum))
}}

==See also==
*[[Astronomy:Trace Gas Orbiter|Trace Gas Orbiter]] (next ESA Mars orbiter, arrived 2016)

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.esa.int/esaMI/Mars_Express/SEMUC75V9ED_1.html ESA – High Resolution Stereo Camera]
* [http://hrscview.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/ion-p?ION__E1=UPDATE%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ION__E2=control%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&image=7242_0000&image1=4+images&pos=4.915S%2C+137.328E&scale=100&viewport=800x1536&basemap_on=on&basemap=MOLAshaded&labels_on=on&hrsc_on=on&mode=mars&pansharpen=on&src_on=on&pview=North&exag=1&UPDATE=Update+view&image0=7242_0000&code=018791106 Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp) and Gale – Image/HRSCview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170807090039/http://hrscview.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/ion-p?ION__E1=UPDATE%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ION__E2=control%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&image=7242_0000&image1=4+images&pos=4.915S%2C+137.328E&scale=100&viewport=800x1536&basemap_on=on&basemap=MOLAshaded&labels_on=on&hrsc_on=on&mode=mars&pansharpen=on&src_on=on&pview=North&exag=1&UPDATE=Update+view&image0=7242_0000&code=018791106 |date=2017-08-07 }}
* [http://hrscview.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/ion-p?ION__E1=UPDATE%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ION__E2=control%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&image=7242_0000&image1=4+images&pos=5.355S%2C+137.758E&scale=50&viewport=2000x2000&basemap_on=on&basemap=MOLAelevation&hrsc_on=on&mode=height&pansharpen=on&src_on=on&persp=on&pview=East&exag=1&UPDATE=Update+view&image0=7242_0000&code=84331089 Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp) – HRSCview] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805084224/http://hrscview.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/ion-p?ION__E1=UPDATE%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ION__E2=control%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&image=7242_0000&image1=4+images&pos=5.355S%2C+137.758E&scale=50&viewport=2000x2000&basemap_on=on&basemap=MOLAelevation&hrsc_on=on&mode=height&pansharpen=on&src_on=on&persp=on&pview=East&exag=1&UPDATE=Update+view&image0=7242_0000&code=84331089 |date=2016-08-05 }} (oblique view looking east) 
* [http://www.dlr.de/dlr/en/Portaldata/1/Resources/Bilder/missionen/mars/16_9/artikel_phobos3.jpg HRSC + Phobos] (with SRC shots overlaid)
**[http://mars.nasa.gov/multimedia/images/?ImageID=6146 Phobos by HRSC] 
*[http://www.planet.geo.fu-berlin.de/eng/projects/mars/marsexpress_pra.php HRSC Press release archive] (2004–2012)
*[http://hrscview.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/ion-p?ION__E1=UPDATE%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ION__E2=control%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ie=UTF-8&q=&image=1183_0000&image1=2+images&pos=2.009S%2C+354.481E&scale=50&viewport=700x780&basemap_on=on&basemap=MOLAshaded&hrsc_on=on&mode=nd&pansharpen=on&src_on=on&pview=North&exag=1.5&control.x=100&control.y=11&image0=1183_0000&code=48590787 HRSC with SRC of Victoria Crater and area near ''Opportunity'' rover's landing site] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113041321/http://hrscview.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/ion-p?ION__E1=UPDATE%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ION__E2=control%3Aion%3A%2F%2Fhrscview2.ion&ie=UTF-8&q=&image=1183_0000&image1=2+images&pos=2.009S%2C+354.481E&scale=50&viewport=700x780&basemap_on=on&basemap=MOLAshaded&hrsc_on=on&mode=nd&pansharpen=on&src_on=on&pview=North&exag=1.5&control.x=100&control.y=11&image0=1183_0000&code=48590787 |date=2016-11-13 }}
*[http://hrscview.fu-berlin.de/cgi-bin/ion-p?ION__E1=UPDATE:ion://hrscview2.ion&ION__E2=control:ion://hrscview2.ion&image=9520_0000&image0=&image1=3+images&basemap=MOLAelevation&mode=nd&basemap_on=on&labels_on=on&hrsc_on=on&pansharpen=on&pview=North&exag=1&ir2re=on&colour=&scale=80&pos=32.704N,+297.883E&viewport=900x900&UPDATE=Update+view Clouds in Nilokeras Scopulus]
*[http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2016/1104-capturing-martian-weather-in-motion.html TPS – Capturing Martian Weather in Motion – November 4, 2016]
*[https://elib.dlr.de/100711/1/1057.pdf THE  HIGH  RESOLUTION  STEREO  CAMERA  (HRSC):  STATUS  AND  FACTS (2015) ] (Includes graph of cumulative surface coverage by resolution, up to 2015)

{{Marsexpress}}

[[Category:Spacecraft instruments]]

{{Sourceattribution|High Resolution Stereo Camera}}