View source for Chemistry:Denileukin diftitox

{{Short description|Pharmaceutical drug}}
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 477002950
| IUPAC_name = Diphtheria toxin-Interleukin-2 fusion protein
| image = 
<!-- Clinical data -->
| tradename = Ontak
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|denileukin_diftitox}}
| MedlinePlus = a611024
| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X -->
| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X --> C
| pregnancy_category = 
| legal_AU = <!-- Unscheduled / S2 / S4 / S8 -->
| legal_UK = <!-- GSL / P / POM / CD -->
| legal_US = Rx-only
| legal_status = 
| routes_of_administration = Intravenous
<!-- Pharmacokinetic data -->
| bioavailability = 
| protein_bound = 
| metabolism = 
| elimination_half-life = 70-80 min
| excretion = 
<!-- Identifiers -->
| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CAS_number = 173146-27-5
| ATC_prefix = L01
| ATC_suffix = XX29
| ATC_supplemental = 
| PubChem = 
| IUPHAR_ligand = 7044
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB00004
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}}
| UNII = 25E79B5CTM
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 1201550
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = none
<!-- Chemical data -->
| C=2560 | H=4042 | N=678 | O=799 | S=17
}}
'''Denileukin diftitox''' (trade name '''Ontak''') was an antineoplastic agent, an engineered protein combining interleukin-2 and [[Biology:Diphtheria toxin|diphtheria toxin]].  Denileukin diftitox could bind to interleukin-2 receptors<ref name="pmid17187516">{{cite journal | vauthors = Turturro F | title = Denileukin diftitox: a biotherapeutic paradigm shift in the treatment of lymphoid-derived disorders | journal = Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | pages = 11–7 | date = January 2007 | pmid = 17187516 | doi = 10.1586/14737140.7.1.11 | s2cid = 9028829 }}</ref> and introduce the diphtheria toxin into cells that express those receptors, killing the cells.  In some [[Medicine:Leukemia|leukemia]]s and [[Medicine:Lymphoma|lymphoma]]s, malignant cells express these receptors, so denileukin diftitox can target these. 

In 1999, Ontak was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of [[Medicine:Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma|Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma]] (CTCL).<ref name="pmid19817678">{{cite journal | vauthors = Manoukian G, Hagemeister F | title = Denileukin diftitox: a novel immunotoxin | journal = Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy | volume = 9 | issue = 11 | pages = 1445–51 | date = November 2009 | pmid = 19817678 | doi = 10.1517/14712590903348135 | s2cid = 23956460 }}</ref> 

There is some evidence tying it to vision loss, and in 2006 the FDA added a black box warning to the drug's label.<ref name="pmid21188096">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lansigan F, Stearns DM, Foss F | title = Role of denileukin diftitox in the treatment of persistent or recurrent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma | journal = Cancer Management and Research | volume = 2 | pages = 53–9 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 21188096 | pmc = 3004568 | doi = 10.2147/cmar.s5009 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

In 2014, marketing of Ontak was discontinued in the US.<ref>{{cite web |title= FDA Drug Shortages |url= https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/drugshortages/dsp_ActiveIngredientDetails.cfm?AI=Denileukin+Diftitox+%28Ontak%29+Injection&st=d&tab=tabs-2 |publisher= U.S. Food and Drug Administration |access-date=3 July 2017|date=31 January 2014}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.fda.gov/medwatch/safety/2006/ONTAK_PI_3-1-06.pdf FDA Safety Alert]

{{Extracellular chemotherapeutic agents}}

[[Category:Diphtheria]]


{{Sourceattribution|Denileukin diftitox|1}}