View source for Biology:ELK4

{{Short description|Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens}}
{{Infobox_gene}}
'''ETS domain-containing protein Elk-4''' is a [[Biology:Protein|protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''ELK4'' [[Biology:Gene|gene]].<ref name="pmid7851904">{{cite journal | vauthors = Shipley J, Sheer D, Dalton S, Treisman R, Patel K | title = Mapping of the human SAP1 (SRF accessory protein 1) gene and SAP2, a gene encoding a related protein, to chromosomal bands 1q32 and 12q23, respectively | journal = Genomics | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | pages = 710–1 | date = Mar 1995 | pmid = 7851904 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1994.1564 }}</ref><ref name="pmid8575773">{{cite journal | vauthors = Giovane A, Sobieszczuk P, Mignon C, Mattei MG, Wasylyk B | title = Locations of the ets subfamily members net, elk1, and sap1 (ELK3, ELK1, and ELK4) on three homologous regions of the mouse and human genomes | journal = Genomics | volume = 29 | issue = 3 | pages = 769–72 | date = Mar 1996 | pmid = 8575773 | doi = 10.1006/geno.1995.9938 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ELK4 ELK4, ETS-domain protein (SRF accessory protein 1)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2005}}</ref>

== Function ==

This gene is a member of the [[Biology:ETS transcription factor family|Ets family of transcription factors]] and of the ternary complex factor (TCF) subfamily. Proteins of the TCF subfamily form a ternary complex by binding to the serum response factor and the serum response element in the promoter of the c-fos proto-oncogene. The protein encoded by this gene is phosphorylated by the kinases, MAPK1 and MAPK8. Several transcript variants have been described for this gene.<ref name="entrez" />

== Interactions ==

ELK4 has been shown to interact with:
* [[Biology:BRCA1|BRCA1]],<ref name = pmid11313879>{{cite journal | vauthors = Chai Y, Chipitsyna G, Cui J, Liao B, Liu S, Aysola K, Yezdani M, Reddy ES, Rao VN | title = c-Fos oncogene regulator Elk-1 interacts with BRCA1 splice variants BRCA1a/1b and enhances BRCA1a/1b-mediated growth suppression in breast cancer cells | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 11 | pages = 1357–67 | date = Mar 2001 | pmid = 11313879 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1204256 | doi-access = free }}</ref> and
* [[Biology:Serum response factor|Serum response factor]]<ref name = pmid11406578>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hassler M, Richmond TJ | title = The B-box dominates SAP-1-SRF interactions in the structure of the ternary complex | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 20 | issue = 12 | pages = 3018–28 | date = Jun 2001 | pmid = 11406578 | pmc = 150215 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/20.12.3018 }}</ref><ref name = pmid9271374>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhu C, Johansen FE, Prywes R | title = Interaction of ATF6 and serum response factor | journal = Mol. Cell. Biol. | volume = 17 | issue = 9 | pages = 4957–66 | date = Sep 1997 | pmid = 9271374 | pmc = 232347 | doi =  10.1128/MCB.17.9.4957}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Sharrocks AD, Brown AL, Ling Y, Yates PR | title = The ETS-domain transcription factor family | journal = Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. | volume = 29 | issue = 12 | pages = 1371–87 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9570133 | doi = 10.1016/S1357-2725(97)00086-1 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Wasylyk B, Hagman J, Gutierrez-Hartmann A | title = Ets transcription factors: nuclear effectors of the Ras-MAP-kinase signaling pathway | journal = Trends Biochem. Sci. | volume = 23 | issue = 6 | pages = 213–6 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9644975 | doi = 10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01211-0 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dalton S, Treisman R | title = Characterization of SAP-1, a protein recruited by serum response factor to the c-fos serum response element | journal = Cell | volume = 68 | issue = 3 | pages = 597–612 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1339307 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90194-H | s2cid = 26274460 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Price MA, Rogers AE, Treisman R | title = Comparative analysis of the ternary complex factors Elk-1, SAP-1a and SAP-2 (ERP/NET) | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 14 | issue = 11 | pages = 2589–601 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7540136 | pmc = 398373 | doi =  10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07257.x}}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fleischmann RD, Fuldner RA, Bult CJ, Lee NH, Kirkness EF, Weinstock KG, Gocayne JD, White O | title = Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence | journal = Nature | volume = 377 | issue = 6547 Suppl | pages = 3–174 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7566098 | doi = <!-- none available --> | url = http://www.columbia.edu/itc/biology/pollack/w4065/client_edit/readings/nature377_3.pdf }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Dalton S, Treisman R | title = Characterization of SAP-1, a protein recruited by serum response factor to the c-fos serum response element | journal = Cell | volume = 76 | issue = 2 | pages = 411 | year = 1994 | pmid = 8293474 | doi = <!--none--> | url = http://download.cell.com/pdf/PII0092867494903476.pdf | access-date = 2011-06-29 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110928102120/http://download.cell.com/pdf/PII0092867494903476.pdf | archive-date = 2011-09-28 | url-status = dead }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Janknecht R, Hunter T | title = Activation of the Sap-1a transcription factor by the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 7 | pages = 4219–24 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9020136 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.7.4219 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Janknecht R, Hunter T | title = Convergence of MAP kinase pathways on the ternary complex factor Sap-1a | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 16 | issue = 7 | pages = 1620–7 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9130707 | pmc = 1169766 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/16.7.1620 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Stein B, Yang MX, Young DB, Janknecht R, Hunter T, Murray BW, Barbosa MS | title = p38-2, a novel mitogen-activated protein kinase with distinct properties | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 272 | issue = 31 | pages = 19509–17 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9235954 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.272.31.19509 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mo Y, Vaessen B, Johnston K, Marmorstein R | title = Structures of SAP-1 bound to DNA targets from the E74 and c-fos promoters: insights into DNA sequence discrimination by Ets proteins | journal = Mol. Cell | volume = 2 | issue = 2 | pages = 201–12 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9734357 | doi = 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80130-6 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Yates PR, Atherton GT, Deed RW, Norton JD, Sharrocks AD | title = Id helix-loop-helix proteins inhibit nucleoprotein complex formation by the TCF ETS-domain transcription factors | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 18 | issue = 4 | pages = 968–76 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10022839 | pmc = 1171189 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/18.4.968 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Kamakura S, Moriguchi T, Nishida E | title = Activation of the protein kinase ERK5/BMK1 by receptor tyrosine kinases. Identification and characterization of a signaling pathway to the nucleus | journal = J. Biol. Chem. | volume = 274 | issue = 37 | pages = 26563–71 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10473620 | doi = 10.1074/jbc.274.37.26563 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Chai Y, Chipitsyna G, Cui J, Liao B, Liu S, Aysola K, Yezdani M, Reddy ES, Rao VN | title = c-Fos oncogene regulator Elk-1 interacts with BRCA1 splice variants BRCA1a/1b and enhances BRCA1a/1b-mediated growth suppression in breast cancer cells | journal = Oncogene | volume = 20 | issue = 11 | pages = 1357–67 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11313879 | doi = 10.1038/sj.onc.1204256 | doi-access = free }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Hassler M, Richmond TJ | title = The B-box dominates SAP-1-SRF interactions in the structure of the ternary complex | journal = EMBO J. | volume = 20 | issue = 12 | pages = 3018–28 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11406578 | pmc = 150215 | doi = 10.1093/emboj/20.12.3018 }}
* {{cite journal | vauthors = Mo Y, Ho W, Johnston K, Marmorstein R | title = Crystal structure of a ternary SAP-1/SRF/c-fos SRE DNA complex | journal = J. Mol. Biol. | volume = 314 | issue = 3 | pages = 495–506 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11846562 | doi = 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5138 }}
{{refend}}

== External links ==
* {{MeshName|ELK4+protein,+human}}
* {{FactorBook|ELK4}}

{{PDB Gallery|geneid=2005}}
{{Transcription factors|g3}}
{{NLM content}}

[[Category:Transcription factors]]



{{Sourceattribution|ELK4}}