View source for Biology:BOP clade

{{short description|Clade of grasses}}
{{automatic taxobox
|image = Poa_annua.jpg
|image_caption = annual meadowgrass<br>(''[[Biology:Poa annua|Poa annua]]'')
|taxon = BOP clade
|subdivision_ranks = Subfamilies
|subdivision = * [[Biology:Bambusoideae|Bambusoideae]]
* [[Biology:Oryzoideae|Oryzoideae]]
* [[Biology:Pooideae|Pooideae]]
}}

The '''BOP clade''' (sometimes ''BEP clade'') is one of two major [[Biology:Lineage (evolution)|lineages]] (or [[Biology:Clade|clade]]s) of undefined taxonomic rank in the grasses ([[Biology:Poaceae|Poaceae]]), containing more than 5,400 species, about half of all grasses. Its [[Biology:Sister group|sister group]] is the [[Biology:PACMAD clade|PACMAD clade]]; in contrast with many species of that group who have evolved [[Biology:C4 carbon fixation|C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis]], the BOP grasses all use the [[Biology:C3 carbon fixation|C<sub>3</sub> photosynthetic pathway]].<ref name="GWPGII"/>

The clade contains three subfamilies from whose initials its name derives:<ref name="SorengPeterson2015"/> the [[Biology:Bamboo|bamboo]]s (Bambusoideae); [[Biology:Oryzoideae|Oryzoideae]] (syn. Ehrhartoideae), including [[Biology:Oryza|rice]]; and [[Biology:Pooideae|Pooideae]], mainly distributed in temperate regions, with the largest diversity and important [[Biology:Cereal|cereal]] crops such as [[Biology:Wheat|wheat]] and [[Biology:Barley|barley]]. Oryzoideae is the earliest-diverging lineage, [[Biology:Sister group|sister]] to the bamboos and Pooideae:<ref name="GWPGII"/><ref name="JankeZhao2013"/>

{{clade|style=font-size:90%;line-height:75%;width:600px;
|label1=[[Biology:Poaceae|Poaceae]]
|1={{clade
  |1=[[Biology:Anomochlooideae|Anomochlooideae]]
  |2={{clade
    |1=[[Biology:Pharoideae|Pharoideae]]
    |2={{clade
      |1=[[Biology:Puelioideae|Puelioideae]]
      |2={{clade
         |1=[[Biology:PACMAD clade|PACMAD clade]]
         |label2='''BOP clade'''
         |2={{clade
            |1=[[Biology:Oryzoideae|Oryzoideae]]
            |2={{clade
               |1=[[Biology:Bamboo|Bamboo]]s (Bambusoideae)
               |2=[[Biology:Pooideae|Pooideae]]
               }}
            }}
         }}
       }}
     }}
   }}
}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="GWPGII">{{cite journal |author=Grass Phylogeny Working Group II| title=New grass phylogeny resolves deep evolutionary relationships and discovers C<sub>4</sub> origins | journal=New Phytologist |volume=193 |issue=2 |year=2012 |pages=304–312 |issn=0028-646X |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03972.x |pmid=22115274| hdl=2262/73271 |hdl-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref>

<ref name="JankeZhao2013">{{cite journal|last1=Janke|first1=Axel|last2=Zhao|first2=Lei|last3=Zhang|first3=Ning|last4=Ma|first4=Peng-Fei|last5=Liu|first5=Qi|last6=Li|first6=De-Zhu|last7=Guo|first7=Zhen-Hua|title=Phylogenomic Analyses of Nuclear Genes Reveal the Evolutionary Relationships within the BEP Clade and the Evidence of Positive Selection in Poaceae|journal=PLOS ONE|volume=8|issue=5|year=2013|pages=e64642|issn=1932-6203|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0064642|pmid=23734211|pmc=3667173|bibcode=2013PLoSO...864642Z|doi-access=free}} {{open access}}</ref>

<ref name="SorengPeterson2015">{{cite journal |last1=Soreng |first1=Robert J. |last2=Peterson |first2=Paul M. |last3=Romschenko |first3=Konstantin |last4=Davidse |first4=Gerrit |last5=Zuloaga |first5=Fernando O. |last6=Judziewicz |first6=Emmet J. |last7=Filgueiras |first7=Tarciso S. |last8=Davis |first8=Jerrold I. |last9=Morrone |first9=Osvaldo |title=A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=53 |issue=2 |year=2015 |pages=117–137 |issn=1674-4918 |doi=10.1111/jse.12150|s2cid=84052108 |hdl=11336/25248 |hdl-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref>

}}

{{Poaceae-navbox}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q20658389}}

[[Category:Poaceae]]
[[Category:Photosynthesis]]
[[Category:Plant unranked clades]]



{{Sourceattribution|BOP clade}}