View source for Biography:Larry Page

{{Short description|American billionaire computer scientist and businessman (born 1973)}}
{{pp-semi-indef|small=yes}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Larry Page
| image              = LarryPage.jpg
| alt                = 
| caption            = Page speaking at the European Parliament in 2009
| birth_name         = Lawrence Edward Page
| birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1973|03|26|mf=yes}}
| birth_place        = Lansing, Michigan, U.S.
| citizenship        = {{ubl|United States (by birth)}}
| education          = {{ubl|[[Organization:University of Michigan|University of Michigan]] (BS)|[[Organization:Stanford University|Stanford University]] (MS)}}
| occupation         = {{ubl|[[Computer scientist]]|businessman}}
| organization       = {{ubl|[[Company:Google|Google]]|Alphabet Inc.}}
| known_for          = {{ubl|Co-founding and creating [[Company:Google|Google]]|Co-founding Alphabet Inc.|Co-creating the [[PageRank]] algorithm}}
| spouse             = {{marriage|Lucinda Southworth|December 8, 2007}}
| children           = 2<ref name="Leaders League">{{cite web |url=https://www.leadersleague.com/en/news/fortunes-2020-larry-page-co-founder-alphabet |title=Fortunes 2020: Larry Page, Co-founder, Alphabet |website=Leaders League |access-date=February 18, 2021 |archive-date=January 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127163728/https://www.leadersleague.com/en/news/fortunes-2020-larry-page-co-founder-alphabet |url-status=live }}</ref>
| relatives          = Carrie Southworth (sister-in-law)
| signature          = Larry Page google signature.svg
}}

'''Lawrence Edward Page'''<ref name="forbes">{{Cite web|date=January 18, 2020|title=Larry Page|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-page/?list=rtb|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181029202054/https://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-page/?list=rtb|archive-date=October 29, 2018|access-date=January 18, 2020|work=Forbes}}</ref><ref name="residence">{{cite web|url=http://virtualglobetrotting.com/map/larry-pages-house|title=Larry Page's house in Palo Alto, California|date=September 8, 2008|access-date=May 7, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160726135004/http://virtualglobetrotting.com/map/larry-pages-house/|archive-date=July 26, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Page%2c+Larry|title=Page, Larry|last=The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia|year=2013|website=Thefreedictionary.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180829072152/https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Page%2c+Larry|archive-date=August 29, 2018|url-status=live|access-date=August 28, 2018}}</ref> (born March 26, 1973) is an American businessman, computer scientist and internet entrepreneur best known for co-founding [[Company:Google|Google]] with [[Biography:Sergey Brin|Sergey Brin]].<ref name="forbes"/><ref name="garage">{{cite web|title=In The Garage Where Google Was Born|url=http://mashable.com/2013/09/27/google-garage-anniversary/|date=September 27, 2013|access-date=July 20, 2016|publisher=Mashable|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927140332/http://mashable.com/2013/09/27/google-garage-anniversary/#lZ3n3FTRUiqS|archive-date=September 27, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

Page was [[Social:Chief executive officer|chief executive officer]] of [[Company:Google|Google]] from 1997 until August 2001 when he stepped down in favor of Eric Schmidt and then again from April 2011 until July 2015 when he became CEO of its newly formed parent organisation Alphabet Inc. which was created to deliver "major advancements" as Google's parent company,<ref>{{cite web|last=Yarow|first=Jay|date=August 10, 2015|title=Google new operating structure – Business Insider|url=http://uk.businessinsider.com/google-new-operating-structure-2015-8?r=US&IR=T|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150812231302/http://uk.businessinsider.com/google-new-operating-structure-2015-8?r=US&IR=T|archive-date=August 12, 2015|access-date=August 10, 2015|website=Business Insider}}</ref> a post he held until December 4, 2019 when he along with his co-founder Brin stepped down from all executive positions and day-to-day roles within the company. He remains an Alphabet board member, employee, and [[Finance:Controlling interest|controlling shareholder]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/12/03/tech/alphabet-google-co-founder-larry-page-step-down/index.html|title=Google co-founder Larry Page stepping down as CEO of Alphabet|last=Yurieff|first=Kaya|date=December 3, 2019|website=CNN|access-date=December 4, 2019|archive-date=December 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191203233058/https://www.cnn.com/2019/12/03/tech/alphabet-google-co-founder-larry-page-step-down/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

As of January 2024, Page has an estimated net worth of $129 billion according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index, making him the eighth-richest person in the world.<ref name="Bloomberg">{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/lawrence-e-page/ |title=Bloomberg Billionaires Index: Larry Page |newspaper=Bloomberg.com |access-date=November 5, 2023 |archive-date=February 28, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230228112214/https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/lawrence-e-page/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He has also invested in flying car startups [[Company:Kitty Hawk Corporation|Kitty Hawk]] and Opener.<ref name="KHO">{{cite news |url= https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/19/17586878/larry-page-flying-car-opener-kitty-hawk-cora |title= Larry Page is quietly amassing a 'flying car' empire |newspaper= theverge.com |access-date= September 7, 2022 |archive-date= September 19, 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220919145611/https://www.theverge.com/2018/7/19/17586878/larry-page-flying-car-opener-kitty-hawk-cora |url-status= live }}</ref>

Page is the co-creator and namesake of [[PageRank]], a search ranking algorithm for Google{{refn|<ref name="Car"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://techcrunch.com/2012/06/28/gmail-now-has-425-million-users-google-apps-used-by-5-million-businesses-and-66-of-the-top-100-universities/|title=Gmail Now Has 425 Million Users, Google Apps Used By 5 Million Businesses And 66 of the Top 100 Universities|work=TechCrunch|date=June 28, 2012 |publisher=AOL|access-date=June 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630021538/https://techcrunch.com/2012/06/28/gmail-now-has-425-million-users-google-apps-used-by-5-million-businesses-and-66-of-the-top-100-universities/|archive-date=June 30, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=60 Amazing Google Search Statistics and Facts|url=http://expandedramblings.com/index.php/by-the-numbers-a-gigantic-list-of-google-stats-and-facts/|work=DMR – Digital Marketing Ramblings|date=February 2, 2014|access-date=February 5, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150206090540/http://expandedramblings.com/index.php/by-the-numbers-a-gigantic-list-of-google-stats-and-facts/|archive-date=February 6, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.internetlivestats.com/google-search-statistics/|title=Google Search Statistics|work=internetlivestats.com|access-date=February 5, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204095944/http://www.internetlivestats.com/google-search-statistics/|archive-date=February 4, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/about/company/facts/locations/|title=Google locations|access-date=November 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130815024220/https://www.google.com/about/company/facts/locations/|archive-date=August 15, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name= 10K>{{cite web|url=http://investor.google.com/earnings/2014/Q4_google_earnings.html|title=Google Inc. Announces Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2014 Results|access-date=February 3, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203051142/http://investor.google.com/earnings/2014/Q4_google_earnings.html|archive-date=February 3, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Man">{{cite web|title=Management team|url=https://www.google.com/about/company/facts/management/|publisher=Google Company|access-date=February 2, 2015|date=February 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230160111/http://www.google.com/about/company/facts/management/|archive-date=December 30, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>}} for which he received the Marconi Prize in 2004 along with co-writer [[Biography:Sergey Brin|Brin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marconisociety.org/fellows.html |title=The Marconi Society Fellows |work=marconisociety.org |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017105041/http://www.marconisociety.org/fellows.html |archive-date=October 17, 2012}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Lawrence Edward Page was born on March 26, 1973,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/people/larry-page-12103347|title=Larry Page|website=Biography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209125605/https://www.biography.com/people/larry-page-12103347|archive-date=February 9, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> in Lansing, Michigan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://infolab.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html|title=The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine|last1=Brin|first1=Sergey|last2=Page|first2=Lawrence|date=1998|publisher=Stanford University|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120211173022/http://infolab.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html|archive-date=February 11, 2012|access-date=May 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="JLowe">{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/googlespeakssecr0000lowe|url-access=registration|title=Google Speaks: Secrets of the World's Greatest Billionaire Entrepreneurs, Sergey Brin and Larry Page|last=Lowe|first=Janet|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|year=2009|isbn=978-0-470-50122-1|location=Hoboken, N.J.|page=[https://archive.org/details/googlespeakssecr0000lowe/page/22 22]|oclc=427903805}}</ref> His mother is Jewish;<ref name="Coronabook">{{cite book|title=Sergey Brin, Larry Page, Eric Schmidt, and Google|last=Brezina|first=Corona|publisher=Rosen Publishing Group|year=2013|isbn=978-1448869114|edition=1st|location=New York|pages=18|lccn=2011039480}}</ref> his maternal grandfather later immigrated to [[Place:Israel|Israel]],<ref name="JLowe"/> though Page's household while growing up was secular.<ref name="Coronabook"/><ref>{{cite magazine|title=The Story of Sergey Brin|url=http://www.momentmag.com/Exclusive/2007/2007-02/200702-BrinFeature.html|magazine=Moment magazine|volume=32|issue=1|access-date=May 15, 2013|author=Mark Malseed|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714111625/http://www.momentmag.com/Exclusive/2007/2007-02/200702-BrinFeature.html|archive-date=July 14, 2011|date=February 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> His father, Carl Victor Page Sr., earned a PhD in [[Computer science|computer science]] from the [[Organization:University of Michigan|University of Michigan]]. BBC reporter Will Smale described him as a "pioneer in [[Computer science|computer science]] and [[Artificial intelligence|artificial intelligence]]".{{r|BBC}} Page's paternal grandparents came from a Protestant background.<ref>https://tao221.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/image03.jpg {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020134232/https://tao221.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/image03.jpg |date=October 20, 2022 }} {{User-generated source|date=August 2022}}</ref><ref>https://tao221.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/41326_342148-00309.jpg?w=497&h=716 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020134232/https://tao221.files.wordpress.com/2015/03/41326_342148-00309.jpg?w=497&h=716 |date=October 20, 2022 }} {{User-generated source|date=August 2022}}</ref> Page's father was a [[Computer science|computer science]] professor at [[Organization:Michigan State University|Michigan State University]] and his mother Gloria was an instructor in [[Computer programming|computer programming]] at Lyman Briggs College at the same institution.<ref name="achievement.org">{{cite web|title=Larry Page Biography and Interview|website=achievement.org|publisher=American Academy of Achievement|url=https://www.achievement.org/achiever/larry-page/#interview|access-date=April 3, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025134254/http://www.achievement.org/achiever/larry-page/#interview|archive-date=October 25, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=BBC>{{cite news|title=Profile: The Google founders|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3666241.stm|access-date=May 15, 2013|work=BBC News|date=April 30, 2004|author=Will Smale|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040501015225/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3666241.stm|archive-date=May 1, 2004|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Alumni newsletter|url=http://www.lymanbriggs.msu.edu/alumni_donors/briggantine/Archived_Briggantines/LBC_ANews_No5_08_1979.pdf|access-date=May 16, 2014|page=2|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503185937/http://lymanbriggs.msu.edu/alumni_donors/briggantine/Archived_Briggantines/LBC_ANews_No5_08_1979.pdf|archive-date=May 3, 2013}}</ref> Larry's parents divorced when he was eight years old, but he maintained a good relationship both with his mother Gloria and his father's long-term partner and MSU professor Joyce Wildenthal.{{r|googleStory|at=ch. 2}}

During an interview, Page recalled his childhood home "was usually a mess, with computers, science, and technology magazines and ''Popular Science'' magazines all over the place", an environment in which he immersed himself.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-the-untold-story-2014-4|title=The Untold Story Of Larry Page's Incredible Comeback|first=Nicholas|last=Carlson|website=Business Insider|access-date=November 19, 2019|archive-date=December 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191206015457/https://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-the-untold-story-2014-4|url-status=live}}</ref> Page was an avid reader during his youth, writing in his 2013 Google founders letter: "I remember spending a huge amount of time pouring [sic] over books and magazines".<ref>{{cite web|author1=Larry Page|title=2013 Founders' Letter|url=https://investor.google.com/corporate/2013/founders-letter.html|website=Google Investor Relations|access-date=February 2, 2015|year=2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202215024/https://investor.google.com/corporate/2013/founders-letter.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> According to writer Nicholas Carlson, the combined influence of Page's home atmosphere and his attentive parents "fostered creativity and invention".<ref>{{Cite web |title=PAGE Lawrence - biography, news, photos, date of birth, press dossier. Personalities GlobalNY.biz. |url=https://globalny.biz/person/id/478 |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=globalny.biz}}</ref> Page also played instruments and studied music composition while growing up. His parents sent him to music summer camp—Interlochen Arts Camp in Interlochen, Michigan, and Page has mentioned that his musical education inspired his impatience and obsession with speed in computing.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-06 |title=Always deliver more than expected, says Larry Page |url=https://bentrepreneur.biz/always-deliver-more-than-expected/ |access-date=2024-02-01 |website=bentrepreneur |language=en-US}}</ref> "In some sense, I feel like music training led to the high-speed legacy of Google for me". In an interview Page said that "In music, you're very cognizant of time. Time is like the primary thing" and that "If you think about it from a music point of view, if you're a percussionist, you hit something, it's got to happen in milliseconds, fractions of a second".<ref name="Car"/>

Page was first attracted to computers when he was six years old, as he was able to "play with the stuff lying around"—first-generation personal computers—that had been left by his mother and father.<ref name="achievement.org"/> He became the "first kid in his elementary school to turn in an assignment from a [[Software:Word processor|word processor]]".<ref name=Scott/> His older brother Carl Victor Page Jr.{{r|googleStory|at=ch. 2}} also taught him to take things apart and before long he was taking "everything in his house apart to see how it worked". He said that "from a very early age, I also realized I wanted to invent things. So I became interested in technology and business. Probably from when I was 12, I knew I was going to start a company eventually."<ref name= Scott>{{cite book|last=Scott|first={{nobr|Virginia A.}}|date=October 30, 2008|orig-year=First published in 2008|title=Google / Virginia Scott|series=Corporations That Changed the World|location=Westport, Connecticut; London|publisher=Greenwood Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/google0000scot/page/2 2]|isbn=978-0313351273|issn=1939-2486|lccn=2008030541|oclc=234146408|url=https://archive.org/details/google0000scot/page/2}}</ref>

== Education ==
Page attended Okemos Montessori School (now called Montessori Radmoor) in Okemos, Michigan, from ages 2 to 7 (1975 to 1979). He attended East Lansing High School, graduating in 1991. In summer school, he attended Interlochen Center for the Arts at Interlochen, Michigan, playing flute but mainly saxophone for two summers.

Page received a Bachelor of Science with a major in [[Computer engineering|computer engineering]] with honors from the [[Organization:University of Michigan|University of Michigan]] in 1995 and a Master of Science in [[Computer science|computer science]] from [[Organization:Stanford University|Stanford University]] in 1998.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brandt |first1=Richard L. |title=The Google Guys: Inside the Brilliant Minds of Google Founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin |date=2009 |publisher=Portfolio}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Google co-founders support Stanford's NYC bid |url=https://stanforddaily.com/2011/10/26/1051121/ |access-date=17 July 2022 |agency=The Stanford Daily |publisher=The Stanford Daily Publishing Corporation |date=26 October 2011 |archive-date=October 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020134232/https://stanforddaily.com/2011/10/26/1051121/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Green |first1=Sara |title=Larry Page |date=2014 |publisher=Bellwether Media |isbn=9781612119557 |page=19}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Lowe|first=Janet|title=Google speaks: secrets of the world's greatest billionaire entrepreneurs, Sergey Brin and Larry Page|url=https://archive.org/details/googlespeakssecr0000lowe|url-access=registration| year= 2009| publisher= John Wiley & Sons|location=Hoboken, New Jersey|isbn=9780470398548}}</ref>

While at the University of Michigan, Page created an inkjet printer made of Lego bricks (literally a line plotter), after he thought it possible to print large posters cheaply with the use of inkjet cartridges—Page reverse-engineered the [[Engineering:Ink cartridge|ink cartridge]] and built the electronics and mechanics to drive it.<ref name="achievement.org" /> Page served as the president of the Beta Epsilon chapter of the Eta Kappa Nu honor society,<ref name="hkn.org Eta Kappa Nu">{{cite web |title=HKN College Chapter Directory |url=http://www.hkn.org/admin/chapter.asp?ch=117 |publisher=Eta Kappa Nu |access-date=September 5, 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130415003601/http://www.hkn.org/admin/chapter.asp?ch=117 |archive-date=April 15, 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> and was a member of the 1993 "Maize & Blue" University of Michigan Solar Car team.<ref>{{cite web|title=Larry Page |url=http://www.americarichest.com/larry-page/ |publisher=americarichest.com |access-date=June 18, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130605070812/http://www.americarichest.com/larry-page/ |archive-date=June 5, 2013 }}</ref> As an undergraduate at the University of Michigan, he proposed that the school replace its bus system with a [[Engineering:Personal rapid transit|personal rapid-transit system]], which is essentially a driverless [[Engineering:Monorail|monorail]] with separate cars for every passenger.<ref name="Car" /> He also developed a business plan for a company that would use software to build a music synthesizer during this time.<ref name="fortune.com">{{cite web|last=Helft|first=Miguel|date=November 18, 2014|title=How music education influenced Google CEO Larry Page|url=http://fortune.com/2014/11/18/larry-page-music-education/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208082808/http://fortune.com/2014/11/18/larry-page-music-education/|archive-date=February 8, 2015|access-date=February 8, 2015|work=Fortune}}</ref>

== PhD studies and research ==
After enrolling in a [[Computer science|computer science]] PhD program at [[Organization:Stanford University|Stanford University]], Page was in search of a dissertation theme and considered exploring the mathematical properties of the [[World Wide Web]], understanding its link structure as a huge [[Graph (discrete mathematics)|graph]]. His supervisor, [[Biography:Terry Winograd|Terry Winograd]], encouraged him to pursue the idea, and Page recalled in 2008 that it was the best advice he had ever received.<ref>{{cite web|title=The best advice I ever got|url=http://archive.fortune.com/galleries/2008/fortune/0804/gallery.bestadvice.fortune/2.html|website=Fortune|access-date=February 2, 2015|date=April 30, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112043148/http://archive.fortune.com/galleries/2008/fortune/0804/gallery.bestadvice.fortune/2.html|archive-date=January 12, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> He also considered doing research on telepresence and [[Engineering:Self-driving car|self-driving car]]s during this time.<ref>{{cite web|title=Google Faculty Summit 2009: Meet Google Founder Larry Page|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUNqsYUVPQY|website=GoogleTechTalks on YouTube|access-date=February 2, 2015 |date=October 5, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311042501/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUNqsYUVPQY|archive-date=March 11, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="doi10.1016/S0169-75529800110-X">{{Cite journal|last1=Brin|first1=Sergey|last2=Page|first2=Lawrence|author-link2=Larry Page|doi=10.1016/S0169-7552(98)00110-X|title=The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual Web search engine|journal=Computer Networks and ISDN Systems|volume=30|issue=1|pages=107–117|location=[Amsterdam]|publisher=Elsevier Science Publishers|date=April 1998|s2cid=7587743 |issn=0169-7552|lccn=86641126|oclc=884480703|url=https://cumincad.architexturez.net/system/files/pdf/2873.content.pdf|access-date=September 25, 2019|archive-date=July 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719203459/https://cumincad.architexturez.net/system/files/pdf/2873.content.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Brin|first1=Sergey|author-link1=Sergey Brin|last2=Page|author-link2=Larry Page|first2=Lawrence|title=Reprint of: The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual web search engine|journal=Computer Networks|location=Amsterdam, Netherlands|publisher=Elsiver|date=December 17, 2012|volume=56|issue=18|pages=3825–3833|issn=1389-1286|doi=10.1016/j.comnet.2012.10.007 |s2cid=911040 |lccn=sn99047167|oclc=610365057 }}</ref><ref name="wiredbirth"/>

Page focused on the problem of finding out which web pages linked to a given page, considering the number and nature of such backlinks as valuable information for that page. The role of citations in [[Academic publishing|academic publishing]] would also become pertinent for the research.<ref name="wiredbirth">{{cite magazine|author1=John Battelle|title=The Birth of Google|url=https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/battelle.html?tw=wn_tophead_4|magazine=Wired|publisher=Condé Nast Digital|access-date=February 22, 2015|date=August 13, 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107160749/http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/battelle.html?tw=wn_tophead_4|archive-date=November 7, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Biography:Sergey Brin|Sergey Brin]], a fellow Stanford PhD student, would soon join Page's research project, nicknamed "BackRub."<ref name="wiredbirth"/> Together, the pair authored a research paper titled "The Anatomy of a Large-Scale [[Hypertext]]ual Web Search Engine", which became one of the most downloaded scientific documents in the history of the Internet at the time.<ref name="achievement.org"/><ref name="doi10.1016/S0169-75529800110-X"/>

John Battelle, co-founder of ''Wired'' magazine, wrote that Page had reasoned that:

<blockquote>"[the] entire Web was loosely based on the premise of citation—after all, what is a link but a citation? If he could devise a method to count and qualify each backlink on the Web, as Page puts it "the Web would become a more valuable place.""<ref name="wiredbirth"/></blockquote>

Battelle further described how Page and Brin began working together on the project:

<blockquote>"At the time Page conceived of BackRub, the Web comprised an estimated 10 million documents, with an untold number of links between them. The computing resources required to crawl such a beast were well beyond the usual bounds of a student project. Unaware of exactly what he was getting into, Page began building out his crawler. The idea's complexity and scale lured Brin to the job. A [[History:Polymath|polymath]] who had jumped from project to project without settling on a thesis topic, he found the premise behind BackRub fascinating. "I talked to lots of research groups" around the school, Brin recalls, "and this was the most exciting project, both because it tackled the Web, which represents human knowledge, and because I liked Larry.""<ref name=wiredbirth/></blockquote>

=== Search engine development ===
To convert the backlink data gathered by BackRub's [[Web crawler|web crawler]] into a measure of importance for a given web page, Brin and Page developed the PageRank algorithm, and realized that it could be used to build a [[Search engine|search engine]] far superior to existing ones.<ref name="wiredbirth"/> The algorithm relied on a new technology that analyzed the relevance of the [[Backlink|backlink]]s that connected one web page to another.<ref name=" Moschovitis">Moschovitis Group. ''The Internet: A Historical Encyclopedia'', ABC-CLIO, 2005.</ref>

Combining their ideas, the pair began utilizing Page's dormitory room as a machine laboratory, and extracted spare parts from inexpensive computers to create a device that they used to connect the now nascent search engine with Stanford's broadband campus network.<ref name="wiredbirth"/> After filling Page's room with equipment, they then converted Brin's dorm room into an office and programming center, where they tested their new search engine designs on the Web. The rapid growth of their project caused Stanford's computing infrastructure to experience problems.<ref name="economist.com">{{cite news|title=Enlightenment man|url=http://www.economist.com/node/12673407|newspaper=The Economist|publisher=The Economist Newspaper Limited|access-date=February 2, 2015|date=December 4, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123005321/http://www.economist.com/node/12673407|archive-date=January 23, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

Page and Brin used the former's basic [[HTML]] programming skills to set up a simple search page for users, as they did not have a web page developer to create anything visually elaborate. They also began using any computer part they could find to assemble the necessary computing power to handle searches by multiple users. As their search engine grew in popularity among Stanford users, it required additional [[Server (computing)|server]]s to process the queries. In August 1996, the initial version of Google, still on the Stanford University website, was made available to Internet users.<ref name="wiredbirth"/>

[[File: Websites interlinking to illustrate PageRank percents.png|thumb|The mathematical website interlinking that the [[PageRank|PageRank]] algorithm facilitates, illustrated by size-percentage correlation of the circles. The [[Algorithm|algorithm]] was named after Page himself.]]

By early 1997, the BackRub page described the state as follows:
{{blockquote|"Some Rough Statistics (from August 29, 1996)

Total indexable HTML URLs: 75.2306 Million

Total content downloaded: 207.022 gigabytes

...

BackRub is written in Java and Python and runs on several Sun Ultras and Intel Pentiums running [[Software:Linux|Linux]]. The primary database is kept on a Sun Ultra series II with 28GB of a disk. Scott Hassan and Alan Steremberg have provided a great deal of very talented implementation help. Sergey Brin has also been very involved and deserves many thanks."|Larry Page {{nospam|page|cs.stanford.edu}}<ref>[http://backrub.c63.be/1997/backrub.htm Downloaded 11 – February 2009]. Backrub.c63.be. Retrieved May 29, 2011  {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130613155605/http://backrub.c63.be/1997/backrub.htm |date=June 13, 2013 }}</ref>}}

BackRub already exhibited the rudimentary functions and characteristics of a search engine: a query input was entered and it provided a list of backlinks ranked by importance. Page recalled: "We realized that we had a querying tool. It gave you a good overall ranking of pages and ordering of follow-up pages."<ref name="archive.wired.com">{{cite magazine |url = http://archive.wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/battelle.html?pg=2&topic=battelle&topic_set= |title = Wired 13.08: The Birth of Google |magazine = Wired |access-date = January 23, 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150709201400/http://archive.wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/battelle.html?pg=2&topic=battelle&topic_set= |archive-date = July 9, 2015 |url-status=live |df = mdy-all |last1 = Battelle |first1 = John }}</ref> Page said that in mid-1998 they finally realized the further potential of their project: "Pretty soon, we had 10,000 searches a day. And we figured, maybe this is real."<ref name="economist.com"/>

Page and Brin's vision has been compared to that of Johannes Gutenberg, the inventor of modern printing:<ref>[http://www.librarystuff.net/2009/10/01/google-the-gutenberg/ "Google the Gutenberg"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150119215310/http://www.librarystuff.net/2009/10/01/google-the-gutenberg/ |date=January 19, 2015 }}. ''Information Technology''. October 1, 2009</ref>
<blockquote>"In 1440, Johannes Gutenberg introduced Europe to the mechanical printing press, printing Bibles for mass consumption. The technology allowed for books and manuscripts – originally replicated by hand – to be printed at a much faster rate, thus spreading knowledge and helping to usher in the European Renaissance [...] Google has done a similar job."</blockquote>

The comparison was also noted by the authors of ''The Google Story'': "Not since Gutenberg [...] has any new invention empowered individuals, and transformed access to information, as profoundly as Google."<ref name="googleStory">{{cite book |last1=Vise |first1=David |last2=Malseed |first2=Mark |author-link2=Mark Malseed |title=The Google Story |date=2008 |publisher=Delacorte Press |isbn=9780385342728 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780385342728}}</ref> Also, not long after the two "cooked up their new engine for web searches, they began thinking about information that was at the time beyond the web" such as digitizing books and expanding health information.<ref name="economist.com"/>

[[File: Larry Page.jpg|thumb|Page in 2003]]

== Google ==
=== 1998–2000 ===
==== Founding ====
Mark Malseed wrote in a 2003 feature story:<blockquote>"Soliciting funds from faculty members, family and friends, Brin and Page scraped together enough to buy some servers and rent that famous garage in Menlo Park. [Soon after], [[Company:Sun Microsystems|Sun Microsystems]] co-founder Andy Bechtolsheim wrote a $100,000 cheque to "Google, Inc." The only problem was, "Google, Inc." did not yet exist—the company hadn't yet been incorporated. For two weeks, as they handled the paperwork, the young men had nowhere to deposit the money."<ref name="Moment">{{cite journal|last=Malseed|first=Mark|date=February 2007|title=The Story of Sergey Brin|journal=Moment Magazine|url=http://www.oldsite.momentmag.net/moment/issues/2007/02/200702-BrinFeature.html| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130121055147/http://www.oldsite.momentmag.net/moment/issues/2007/02/200702-BrinFeature.html| archive-date=January 21, 2013 }}</ref></blockquote>In 1998,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://about.google/|title=About|access-date=February 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209213207/https://about.google/|archive-date=February 9, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Brin and Page incorporated Google, Inc.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.google.com/corporate/execs.html#larry | title = Larry Page Profile | access-date = November 11, 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151009035203/https://www.google.com/about/company/facts/management#larry | archive-date = October 9, 2015 | url-status=live | df = mdy-all }}</ref> with the initial domain name of "[[Googol]]", derived from a number that consists of one followed by one hundred zeros—representing the vast amount of data that the search engine was intended to explore. Following inception, Page appointed himself as CEO, while Brin, named Google's co-founder, served as Google's president.<ref name="Car">{{cite web|author1=Nicholas Carlson|title=The Untold Story Of Larry Page's Incredible Comeback|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-the-untold-story-2014-4?page=2|website=Business Insider|publisher=Business Insider, Inc|access-date=February 2, 2015|date=April 24, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202215052/http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-the-untold-story-2014-4?page=2|archive-date=February 2, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Writer Nicholas Carlson wrote in 2014:<blockquote>"The pair's mission was 'to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful."<ref name="Sam">{{cite news|author1=Samuel Gibbs|title=Google has 'outgrown' its 14-year-old mission statement, says Larry Page|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/nov/03/larry-page-google-dont-be-evil-sergey-brin|access-date=February 2, 2015|work=The Guardian|date=November 3, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170326053031/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/nov/03/larry-page-google-dont-be-evil-sergey-brin|archive-date=March 26, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> With a {{wipe|United States dollar}}1-million loan from friends and family, the inaugural team moved into a Mountain View office by the start of 2000. In 1999, Page experimented with smaller servers so Google could fit more into each square meter of the third-party warehouses the company rented for their servers. This eventually led to a search engine that ran much faster than Google's competitors at the time."<ref name="Car"/></blockquote>

By June 2000, Google had indexed one billion Internet URLs (Uniform Resource Locators), making it the most comprehensive search engine on the Web at the time. The company cited [[Company:NEC|NEC]] Research Institute data in its June 26 press release, stating that "there are more than 1 billion web pages online today", with Google "providing access to 560 million full-text indexed web pages and 500 million partially indexed URLs."<ref>{{cite web|title=Google Launches World's Largest Search Engine|url=http://googlepress.blogspot.com/2000/06/google-launches-worlds-largest-search.html|website=News From Google|access-date=February 2, 2015|date=June 26, 2000|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150222030713/http://googlepress.blogspot.com/2000/06/google-launches-worlds-largest-search.html|archive-date=February 22, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

==== Early management style ====
During his first tenure as CEO, Page embarked on an attempt to fire all of Google's project managers in 2001. Page's plan involved all of Google's engineers reporting to a VP of engineering, who would then report directly to him—Page explained that he did not like non-engineers supervising engineers due to their limited technical knowledge.<ref name="Car"/> Page even documented his management tenets for his team to use as a reference:
* Do not delegate: Do everything you can yourself to make things go faster.
* Do not get in the way if you're not adding value. Let the people doing the work talk to each other while you go do something else.
* Do not be a [[Organization:Bureaucrat|bureaucrat]].
* Ideas are more important than age. Just because someone is junior does not mean they do not deserve respect and cooperation.
* The worst thing you can do is stop someone from doing something by saying, "No. Period." If you say no, you have to help them find a better way to get it done.<ref name="Car"/>

Even though Page's new model was unsustainable and led to disgruntlement among the affected employees, his issue with engineers being managed by non-engineering staff gained traction.<ref name=" Max"/> Page also believed that the faster Google's search engine returned answers, the more it would be used. He fretted over milliseconds and pushed his engineers—from those who developed [[Algorithm|algorithm]]s to those who built [[Data center|data center]]s—to think about [[Engineering:Latency (engineering)|lag times]]. He also pushed for keeping Google's home page famously sparse in its design because it would help the search results load faster.<ref name="fortune.com"/>

=== 2001–2011 ===
[[File:Schmidt-Brin-Page-20080520.jpg|thumb|Left to right, Eric Schmidt, Sergey Brin and Larry Page, 2008]]

==== Changes in management and expansion ====
Before Silicon Valley's two most prominent investors, Kleiner Perkins and Sequoia Capital, agreed to invest a combined total of $50 million in Google, they applied pressure on Page to step down as CEO so that a more experienced leader could build a "world-class management team." Page eventually became amenable to the idea after meeting with other technology CEOs, including [[Biography:Steve Jobs|Steve Jobs]] and Intel's Andrew Grove. Eric Schmidt, who had been hired as chairman of Google in March 2001, left his full-time position as the CEO of [[Company:Novell|Novell]] to take the same role at Google in August of the same year, and Page moved aside to assume the president of products role.<ref name="Car"/>

Under Schmidt's leadership, Google underwent a period of major growth and expansion, which included its [[Finance:Initial public offering|initial public offering]] (IPO) on August 20, 2004. He always acted in consultation with Page and Brin when he embarked on initiatives such as the hiring of an executive team and the creation of a [[Sales force management system|sales force management system]]. Page remained the boss at Google in the eyes of the employees, as he gave final approval on all new hires, and it was Page who provided the signature for the IPO, the latter making him a billionaire at the age of 30.<ref name="Car"/>

Page led the acquisition of [[Software:Android (operating system)|Android]] for $50 million in 2005 to fulfill his ambition to place handheld computers in the possession of consumers so that they could access Google anywhere. The purchase was made without Schmidt's knowledge, but the CEO was not perturbed by the relatively small acquisition. Page became passionate about Android and spent large amounts of time with Android CEO and cofounder Andy Rubin. By September 2008, T-Mobile launched the G1, the first phone using Android software and, by 2010, 17.2% of the handset market consisted of Android sales, overtaking Apple for the first time. Android became the world's most popular mobile operating system shortly afterward.<ref name="Car"/>

==== Assumption of CEO position at Google ====
Following a January 2011 announcement,<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704881304576094340081291776?mod=googlenews_wsj | title=Google's Page to Replace Schmidt as CEO | work=The Wall Street Journal | first=Amir | last=Efrati | date=January 21, 2011 | access-date=August 8, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816061610/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704881304576094340081291776?mod=googlenews_wsj | archive-date=August 16, 2017 | url-status=live | df=mdy-all }}</ref> Page officially became the chief executive of Google on April 4, 2011, while Schmidt stepped down to become executive chairman.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/about/company/facts/management/#section-board |title=Management team – Company|access-date=September 28, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121230160111/http://www.google.com/about/company/facts/management/#section-board |archive-date=December 30, 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> By this time, Google had over $180 billion market capitalization and more than 24,000 employees.<ref>[http://www.maintour.com/meritbadge/american_business.htm American Business BSA Merit Badge Guide] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906031557/http://www.maintour.com/meritbadge/american_business.htm |date=September 6, 2015 }}, June 22, 2015.</ref> Reporter Max Nisen described the decade prior to Page's second appointment as Google's CEO as Page's "lost decade" saying that while he exerted significant influence at Google via product development and other operations, he became increasingly disconnected and less responsive over time.<ref name="Car" /><ref name="Max">{{cite news|author1=Max Nisen|title=Larry Page's lost decade was the best thing to ever happen to Google|url=http://qz.com/202710/larry-pages-lost-decade-was-the-best-thing-to-ever-happen-to-google/|access-date=February 6, 2015|work=Quartz|date=April 25, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202103627/http://qz.com/202710/larry-pages-lost-decade-was-the-best-thing-to-ever-happen-to-google/|archive-date=February 2, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

Schmidt announced the end of his tenure as CEO on January 20, 2011, jokingly tweeting on Twitter: "Adult-supervision no longer needed."<ref>{{cite tweet|number=28196946376130560|user=ericschmidt|title=Day-to-day adult supervision no longer needed! http://goo.gl/zC89p|date=January 20, 2011}}</ref>

=== 2011–2013 ===
As Google's new CEO, Page's two key goals were the development of greater autonomy for the executives overseeing the most important divisions, and higher levels of collaboration, communication, and unity among the teams. Then Page also formed what the media called the "L-Team", a group of senior vice-presidents who reported directly to him and worked near his office for a portion of the working week.<ref name="Owe">{{cite web|author1=Owen Thomas|title=There's A Pretty Big Tension in How Larry Page Is Running Google|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/how-larry-page-is-running-google-2013-3?IR=T|website=Business Insider|publisher=Business Insider Inc|access-date=February 1, 2015|date=March 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120174356/http://www.businessinsider.com/how-larry-page-is-running-google-2013-3?IR=T|archive-date=January 20, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, he reorganized the company's senior management, placing a CEO-like manager at the top of Google's most important product divisions, including YouTube, AdWords, and [[Software:Google Search|Google Search]].<ref name="Car"/>

Following a more cohesive team environment, Page declared a new "zero tolerance for fighting" policy that contrasted with his approach during the early days of Google, when he would use his harsh and intense arguments with Brin as an exemplar for senior management. Page had changed his thinking during his time away from the CEO role, as he eventually concluded that ambitious goals required a harmonious team dynamic. As part of Page's collaborative rejuvenation process, Google's products and applications were consolidated and underwent an aesthetic overhaul.<ref name="Max"/><ref name="Die"/>

==== Changes and consolidation process ====
At least 70 of Google's products, features and services were eventually shut down by March 2013, while the appearance and nature of the remaining ones were unified.<ref>{{cite web|author1=Urs Hölzle|title=A second spring of cleaning|url=http://googleblog.blogspot.se/2013/03/a-second-spring-of-cleaning.html|website=Official Google Blog|access-date=February 3, 2015|date=March 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202103403/http://googleblog.blogspot.se/2013/03/a-second-spring-of-cleaning.html|archive-date=February 2, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Hel"/> Jon Wiley, lead designer of Google Search at the time, codenamed Page's redesign overhaul, which officially commenced on April 4, 2011, "Project Kennedy", based on Page's use of the term "moonshots" to describe ambitious projects in a January 2013 ''Wired'' interview.<ref name="Die">{{cite web|author1=Dieter Bohn, Ellis Hamburger|title=Redesigning Google: how Larry Page engineered a beautiful revolution|url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/1/24/3904134/google-redesign-how-larry-page-engineered-beautiful-revolution|website=The Verge|publisher=Vox Media, Inc|access-date=February 1, 2015|date=January 24, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203001709/http://www.theverge.com/2013/1/24/3904134/google-redesign-how-larry-page-engineered-beautiful-revolution|archive-date=February 3, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Lev">{{cite magazine|author1=Steven Levy|title=Google's Larry Page on Why Moon Shots Matter|url=https://www.wired.com/2013/01/ff-qa-larry-page/all/|magazine=Wired|access-date=February 1, 2015|date=January 17, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201055806/http://www.wired.com/2013/01/ff-qa-larry-page/all/|archive-date=February 1, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> An initiative named "Kanna" previously attempted to create a uniform design aesthetic for Google's range of products, but it was too difficult at that point in the company's history for one team to drive such change. Matias Duarte, senior director of the [[Software:Android (operating system)|Android]] user experience when "Kennedy" started, explained in 2013 that "Google passionately cares about design." Page proceeded to consult with the Google Creative Lab design team, based in New York City, to find an answer to his question of what a "cohesive vision" of Google might look like.<ref name="Die"/>

The eventual results of "Kennedy" which were progressively rolled out from June 2011 until January 2013, were described by [[The Verge]] technology publication as focused upon "refinement, white space, cleanliness, elasticity, usefulness, and most of all simplicity." The final products were aligned with Page's aim for a consistent suite of products that can "move fast", and "Kennedy" was called a "design revolution" by Duarte. Page's "UXA" (user/graphics interface) design team then emerged from the "Kennedy" project, tasked with "designing and developing a true [[User interface|UI]] framework that transforms Google's application software into a beautiful, mature, accessible and consistent platform for its users." Unspoken of in public, the small UXA unit was designed to ensure that "Kennedy" became an "institution."<ref name="Die"/>

==== Acquisition strategy and new products ====
When acquiring products and companies for Google, Page asked whether the [[Finance:Business acquisition|business acquisition]] passed the toothbrush test as an initial qualifier, asking the question "Is it something you will use once or twice a day, and does it make your life better?". This approach looked for usefulness above profitability, and long-term potential over near-term financial gain, which has been noted as rare in business acquiring processes.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.inc.com/larry-kim/how-google-s-ceo-only-buys-companies-that-pass-his-crazy-toothbrush-test.html |title = Why Google's Larry Page Only Buys Companies That Pass His Crazy Toothbrush Test |website = Inc.com |date = August 28, 2014 |access-date = February 8, 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150208082135/http://www.inc.com/larry-kim/how-google-s-ceo-only-buys-companies-that-pass-his-crazy-toothbrush-test.html |archive-date = February 8, 2015 |url-status=live |df = mdy-all }}</ref><ref>
{{cite web |url = https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/08/17/in-silicon-valley-mergers-must-meet-the-toothbrush-test/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=1 |title = In Silicon Valley, Mergers Must Meet the Toothbrush Test |author = David Gelles |work = The New York Times |date = August 18, 2014 |access-date = March 5, 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181106195854/https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2014/08/17/in-silicon-valley-mergers-must-meet-the-toothbrush-test/?_php=true&_type=blogs&_r=1 |archive-date = November 6, 2018 |url-status=live |df = mdy-all }}
</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-toothbrush-test-google-acquisitions-2014-8?IR=T |title=Larry Page Toothbrush Test Google Acquisitions – Business Insider |date=August 18, 2014 |work=Business Insider |access-date=February 8, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208082519/http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-toothbrush-test-google-acquisitions-2014-8?IR=T |archive-date=February 8, 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

With Facebook's influence rapidly expanding during the start of Page's second tenure, he finally responded to the intensive competition with Google's own social network, [[Social:Google+|Google+]], in mid-2011. After several delays, the social network was released through a very limited field test and was led by Vic Gundotra, Google's then senior vice president of social.<ref>{{cite web |author=Ben Parr |title=Google Launches Google+ To Battle Facebook [PICS] |url=http://mashable.com/2011/06/28/google-plus/ |website=Mashable |access-date=February 2, 2015 |date=June 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150211011327/http://mashable.com/2011/06/28/google-plus/ |archive-date=February 11, 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

In August 2011, Page announced that Google would spend $12.5 billion to acquire [[Company:Motorola Mobility|Motorola Mobility]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Robin Wauters |title=Google Buys Motorola Mobility For $12.5B, Says "Android Will Stay Open" |url=https://techcrunch.com/2011/08/15/breaking-google-buys-motorola-for-12-5-billion/ |website=TechCrunch |publisher=AOL Inc |access-date=February 2, 2015 |date=August 15, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170609042131/https://techcrunch.com/2011/08/15/breaking-google-buys-motorola-for-12-5-billion/ |archive-date=June 9, 2017 |url-status=live  }}</ref> The purchase was primarily motivated by Google's need to secure patents to protect Android from lawsuits by companies including Apple Inc.<ref name="Car"/> Page wrote on Google's official blog on August 15, 2011, that "companies including Microsoft and Apple are banding together in anti-competitive patent attacks on Android. The United States Department of Justice had to intervene in the results of one recent patent auction to 'protect competition and innovation in the open source software community' [...] Our acquisition of Motorola will increase competition by strengthening Google's patent portfolio, which will enable us to better protect Android from anti-competitive threats from Microsoft, Apple and other companies".<ref>{{cite web |url = http://googleblog.blogspot.se/2011/08/supercharging-android-google-to-acquire.html |title = Official Google Blog: Supercharging Android: Google to Acquire Motorola Mobility |work = Official Google Blog |access-date = February 8, 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150208092717/http://googleblog.blogspot.se/2011/08/supercharging-android-google-to-acquire.html |archive-date = February 8, 2015 |url-status=live |df = mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://bgr.com/2011/08/15/google-ceo-larry-page-explains-reasoning-behind-motorola-acquisition-spoiler-patents/|title=Google CEO Larry Page explains reasoning behind Motorola acquisition (spoiler: patents)|work=BGR|date=August 15, 2011|access-date=February 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208170345/http://bgr.com/2011/08/15/google-ceo-larry-page-explains-reasoning-behind-motorola-acquisition-spoiler-patents/|archive-date=February 8, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014, Page sold Motorola Mobility for $2.9 billion to Personal Computer maker, Lenovo which represented a loss in value of $9.5 billion over two years.<ref>{{cite web |author=Roger Cheng |title=Google sells Motorola unit to Lenovo for $2.9B |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/google-sells-motorola-unit-to-lenovo-for-2-9b/ |website=CNet |access-date=November 9, 2019 |date=January 29, 2014 |archive-date=September 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200904033204/https://www.cnet.com/news/google-sells-motorola-unit-to-lenovo-for-2-9b/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Page also ventured into hardware and Google unveiled the [[Engineering:Chromebook|Chromebook]] in May 2012. The hardware product was a laptop that ran on a Google operating system, [[Software:ChromeOS|ChromeOS]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Om Malik |title=Google launches Chromebook, Chromebox & gets it right |url=https://gigaom.com/2012/05/29/google-newchromebook-chromebox/ |website=Gigaom |publisher=Gigaom, Inc. |access-date=February 2, 2015 |date=May 29, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202205026/https://gigaom.com/2012/05/29/google-newchromebook-chromebox/ |archive-date=February 2, 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

=== 2013–2015 ===
In January 2013, Page participated in a rare interview with ''Wired'', in which writer Steven Levy discussed Page's "10X" mentality—Google employees are expected to create products and services that are at least 10 times better than those of its competitors—in the introductory blurb. [[Biography:Astro Teller|Astro Teller]], the head of Google X, explained to Levy that 10X is "just core to who he [Page] is", while Page's "focus is on where the next 10X will come from."<ref name="Lev"/> In his interview with Levy, Page referred to the success of YouTube and Android as examples of "crazy" ideas that investors were not initially interested in, saying: "If you're not doing some things that are crazy, then you're doing the wrong things."<ref name="Lev"/> Page also stated he was "very happy" with the status of Google+, and discussed concerns over the Internet concerning the SOPA bill and an [[Organization:International Telecommunication Union|International Telecommunication Union]] proposal that had been recently introduced:<blockquote>"I do think the Internet's under much greater attack than it has been in the past. Governments are now afraid of the Internet because of the Middle East stuff, and so they're a little more willing to listen to what I see as a lot of commercial interests that just want to make money by restricting people's freedoms. But they've also seen a tremendous user reaction, like the backlash against SOPA. I think that governments fight users' freedoms at their peril."<ref name="Lev"/></blockquote>At the May 2013 I/O developers conference in San Francisco, Page delivered a keynote address and said "We're at maybe 1% of what is possible. Despite the faster change, we're still moving slow relative to the opportunities we have. I think a lot of that is because of the negativity [...] Every story I read is Google vs someone else. That's boring. We should be focusing on building the things that don't exist" and that he was "sad the Web isn't advancing as fast as it should be", citing a perceived focus on negativity and zero-sum games among some in the technology sector as a cause.<ref name="CNET">{{cite web |author=Shara Tibken |title=Google's Page: We should be building great things that don't exist |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/googles-page-we-should-be-building-great-things-that-dont-exist/ |publisher=CNET |access-date=February 1, 2015 |date=May 15, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150120173341/http://www.cnet.com/news/googles-page-we-should-be-building-great-things-that-dont-exist/ |archive-date=January 20, 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref> In response to an audience question, Page noted an issue that Google had been experiencing with [[Company:Microsoft|Microsoft]], whereby the latter made its Outlook program interoperable with Google but did not allow for [[Backward compatibility|backward compatibility]]—he referred to Microsoft's practice as "milking off". During the question-and-answer section of his keynote, Page expressed interest in [[Unsolved:Burning Man|Burning Man]], which Brin had previously praised—it was a motivating factor for the latter during Schmidt's hiring process, as Brin liked that Schmidt had attended the week-long annual event.<ref name="Car"/><ref>{{cite magazine |url = https://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2013/05/google-io-2013-liveblog/#50512764920 |title = Liveblog: Get the Latest Updates From Google I/O 2013 |magazine = WIRED |access-date = March 8, 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140221070752/http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2013/05/google-io-2013-liveblog#50512764920 |archive-date = February 21, 2014 |url-status=live |df = mdy-all |last1 = Honan |first1 = Mat }}</ref><ref name="CNET"/>

In September 2013, Page launched the independent Calico initiative, a R&D project in the field of [[Engineering:Biotechnology|biotechnology]]. Google announced that Calico seeks to innovate and make improvements in the field of human health, and appointed Art Levinson, chairman of Apple's board and former CEO of [[Company:Genentech|Genentech]], to be the new division's CEO. Page's official statement read: "Illness and aging affect all our families. With some longer term, moonshot thinking around healthcare and [[Engineering:Biotechnology|biotechnology]], I believe we can improve millions of lives."<ref>{{cite web |author=Casey Newton |title=Google launches Calico, a new company tasked with extending human life |url=https://www.theverge.com/2013/9/18/4744650/google-launches-calico-as-separate-company-to-improve-human-health |website=The Verge |publisher=Vox Media, Inc. |access-date=February 2, 2015 |date=September 18, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202205940/http://www.theverge.com/2013/9/18/4744650/google-launches-calico-as-separate-company-to-improve-human-health |archive-date=February 2, 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

Page participated in a March 2014 TedX conference that was held in {{wipe|Vancouver}}, Canada. The presentation was scripted by Page's chief [[Social:Public relations|PR]] executive Rachel Whetstone, and Google's [[Social:Chief marketing officer|CMO]] Lorraine Twohill, and a demonstration of an artificially intelligent computer program was displayed on a large screen.<ref name="Car"/>
Page responded to a question about corporations, noting that corporations largely get a "bad rap", which he stated was because they were probably doing the same incremental things they were doing "50 or 20 years ago". He went on to juxtapose that kind of incremental approach to his vision of Google counteracting calcification through driving technology innovation at a high rate. Page mentioned [[Biography:Elon Musk|Elon Musk]] and [[Company:SpaceX|SpaceX]]:<blockquote>"He [Musk] wants to go to Mars to back up humanity. That's a worthy goal. We have a lot of employees at Google who've become pretty wealthy. You're working because you want to change [[Astronomy:Earth|the world]] and make it better [...] I'd like for us to help out more than we are."<ref name="bi20140320">{{cite news |last=Yarow |first=Jay |title=LARRY PAGE: I Would Rather Give My Billions To Elon Musk Than Charity |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-elon-musk-2014-3 |access-date=December 28, 2014 |work=Business Insider |date=March 20, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141229081516/http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-elon-musk-2014-3 |archive-date=December 29, 2014 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all }}</ref></blockquote>Page also mentioned [[Biography:Nikola Tesla|Nikola Tesla]] with regard to invention and commercialization:<blockquote>"Invention is not enough. [Nikola] Tesla invented the electric power we use, but he struggled to get it out to people. [You have to] combine both things []... invention and innovation focus, plus [...] a company that can really commercialize things and get them to people."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.quotery.com/quotes/invention-not-enough-nikola-tesla|title=Quote {{!}} Invention Is Not Enough. [Nikola] Tesla ...|access-date=September 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180912092151/https://www.quotery.com/quotes/invention-not-enough-nikola-tesla|archive-date=September 12, 2018|url-status=live|df=mdy-all}}</ref></blockquote>Page announced a major management restructure in October 2014 so that he would no longer need to be responsible for day-to-day product-related decision making. In a memo, Page said that Google's core businesses would be able to progress in a typical manner, while he could focus on the next generation of ambitious projects, including Google X initiatives; access and energy, including Google Fiber; smart-home automation through [[Company:Nest Labs|Nest Labs]]; and [[Engineering:Biotechnology|biotechnology]] innovations under Calico.<ref name="techtimes.com">{{cite news|url=http://www.techtimes.com/articles/18697/20141025/the-rise-and-rise-of-sundar-pichai-in-google-and-larry-page-is-loving-it.htm|title=The rise and rise of Sundar Pichai in Google (and Larry Page is loving it)|author=Nicole Arce|work=Tech Times|date=October 25, 2014|access-date=February 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150204230323/http://www.techtimes.com/articles/18697/20141025/the-rise-and-rise-of-sundar-pichai-in-google-and-larry-page-is-loving-it.htm|archive-date=February 4, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Page maintained that he would continue as the unofficial "chief product officer".<ref name="Hel">{{cite web|author1=Miguel Helft|title=Google's Larry Page: The most ambitious CEO in the universe|url=http://fortune.com/2014/11/13/googles-larry-page-the-most-ambitious-ceo-in-the-universe/|website=Fortune|access-date=February 3, 2015|date=November 13, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150202093602/http://fortune.com/2014/11/13/googles-larry-page-the-most-ambitious-ceo-in-the-universe/|archive-date=February 2, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> Subsequent to the announcement, the executives in charge of Google's core products reported to then Google Senior Vice President Sundar Pichai, who reported directly to Page.<ref name="techtimes.com"/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2014/10/27/in-new-structure-google-ceo-page-aims-for-faster-better-decisions/|title=In New Structure, Google CEO Page Aims for 'Faster, Better Decisions'|author=Rolfe Winkler|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=October 27, 2014|access-date=August 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170103080237/http://blogs.wsj.com/digits/2014/10/27/in-new-structure-google-ceo-page-aims-for-faster-better-decisions//|archive-date=January 3, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mobiletor.com/119663/sundar-pichai-india-google-product/|title=Sundar Pichai moved up the ladder to head Google's products business|author=Shreya Shetty|work=Mobiletor.com|date=October 26, 2014|access-date=February 4, 2015|archive-date=March 26, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326115953/https://www.mobiletor.com/sundar-pichai-india-google-product/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Larry-Page-Promotes-Sundar-Pichai-to-Chief-of-Core-Google-Products-463126.shtml|title=Larry Page Promotes Sundar Pichai to Chief of Core Google Products|author=Gabriela Vatu|date=October 25, 2014|work=softpedia|access-date=February 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027201701/http://news.softpedia.com/news/Larry-Page-Promotes-Sundar-Pichai-to-Chief-of-Core-Google-Products-463126.shtml|archive-date=October 27, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

In a November 2014 interview, Page stated that he prioritized the maintenance of his "deep knowledge" of Google's products and breadth of projects, as it had been a key motivating factor for team members. About his then role as the company's CEO, Page said: "I think my job as CEO—I feel like it's always to be pushing people ahead."<ref name="Hel"/>

On August 10, 2015, Page announced on Google's official blog that Google had restructured into a number of subsidiaries of a new [[Social:Holding company|holding company]] known as Alphabet Inc with Page becoming CEO of Alphabet Inc and Sundar Pichai assuming the position of CEO of Google Inc. In his announcement, Page described the planned holding company as follows:<ref name="gIsForGoogle">{{Cite web|url=http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2015/08/google-alphabet.html|title=G is for Google|publisher=Google Official Blog|last=Page|first=Larry|date=August 10, 2015|access-date=August 11, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810210148/http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2015/08/google-alphabet.html|archive-date=August 10, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><blockquote>"Alphabet is mostly a collection of companies. The largest of which, of course, is Google. This newer Google is a bit slimmed down, with the companies that are pretty far afield of our main Internet products contained in Alphabet instead. [...] Fundamentally, we believe this allows us more management scale, as we can run things independently that aren't very related."</blockquote>As well as explaining the origin of the company's name:<blockquote>"We liked the name Alphabet because it means a collection of letters that represent language, one of humanity's most important innovations, and is the core of how we index with Google search! We also like that it means alpha‑bet ([[Finance:Alpha|Alpha]] is investment return above benchmark), which we strive for!"</blockquote>Page wrote that the motivation behind the reorganization is to make Google "cleaner and more accountable." He also wrote that there was a desire to improve "the transparency and oversight of what we're doing" and to allow greater control of unrelated companies previously within the Google ecosystem.<ref name="gIsForGoogle"/><ref name="wire-2015-new-company">{{cite journal|last=Metz|first=Cade|title=A New Company Called Alphabet Now Owns Google|url=https://www.wired.com/2015/08/new-company-called-alphabet-owns-google/|journal=Wired|access-date=August 13, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171122143410/https://www.wired.com/2015/08/new-company-called-alphabet-owns-google/|archive-date=November 22, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Page|first=Larry|title=G is for Google |url=http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2015/08/google-alphabet.html |website=Official Google Blog |access-date=August 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150810210148/http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2015/08/google-alphabet.html |archive-date=August 10, 2015|url-status=live|date=August 10, 2015}}</ref>

Page has not been on any press conferences since 2015 and has not presented at product launches or earnings calls since 2013. The ''Bloomberg Businessweek'' termed the reorganization into Alphabet a clever retirement plan allowing Page to retain control over Google, at the same time relinquishing all responsibilities over it. Executives at Alphabet describe Page as a "futurist", highly detached from day-to-day business dealings, and more focused on moon-shot projects. While some managers of Alphabet companies speak of Page as intensely involved, others say that his rare office check-ins are "akin to a royal visit".<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-09-13/larry-page-is-a-no-show-with-google-under-a-harsh-spotlight|title=Where in the World Is Larry Page?|last1=Bergen|first1=Mark|last2=Carr|first2=Austin|date=September 13, 2018|magazine=Bloomberg Businessweek|access-date=September 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918092518/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-09-13/larry-page-is-a-no-show-with-google-under-a-harsh-spotlight|archive-date=September 18, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== 2019 ===
On December 3, 2019, Larry Page announced that he would step down from the position of Alphabet CEO and be replaced by Google CEO Sundar Pichai. Pichai also continued as Google CEO. Page and Google co-founder and Alphabet president Sergey Brin announced the change in a joint blog post, "With Alphabet now well-established, and Google and the Other Bets operating effectively as independent companies, it's the natural time to simplify our management structure. We’ve never been ones to hold on to management roles when we think there's a better way to run the company. And Alphabet and Google no longer need two CEOs and a President."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/03/larry-page-steps-down-as-ceo-of-alphabet.html|title=Larry Page steps down as CEO of Alphabet, Sundar Pichai to take over|first=Lauren|last=Feiner|date=December 3, 2019|website=CNBC|access-date=December 3, 2019|archive-date=August 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824015937/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/03/larry-page-steps-down-as-ceo-of-alphabet.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Other interests ==
Page is an investor in Tesla Motors co-founded by friend and fellow billionaire [[Biography:Elon Musk|Elon Musk]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.siliconbeat.com/entries/2006/06/01/tesla_motors_new_electric_sportscar_company_raises_40m_from_google_guys_others.html|title=SiliconBeat: Tesla Motors, new electric sportscar company, raises $40M from Google guys, others|work=siliconbeat.com|access-date=April 25, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070428145446/http://www.siliconbeat.com/entries/2006/06/01/tesla_motors_new_electric_sportscar_company_raises_40m_from_google_guys_others.html|archive-date=April 28, 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> He has invested in [[Engineering:Renewable energy|renewable energy]] technology, and with the help of [[Organization:Google.org|Google.org]], Google's philanthropic arm, promotes the adoption of [[Engineering:Plug-in hybrid|plug-in hybrid]] electric cars<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://venturebeat.com/2007/06/18/google-backs-electric-vehicles-with-10m/|title=Google backs electric vehicles with $10M|date=June 19, 2007|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|access-date=October 14, 2019|archive-date=October 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014121900/https://venturebeat.com/2007/06/18/google-backs-electric-vehicles-with-10m/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bjerkan|first1=Kristin Ystmark|last2=Nørbech|first2=Tom E.|last3=Nordtømme|first3=Marianne Elvsaas|date=March 1, 2016|title=Incentives for promoting Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) adoption in Norway|journal=Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment|volume=43|pages=169–180|doi=10.1016/j.trd.2015.12.002|issn=1361-9209|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/52213/car_parts/google_promotes_development_of_plug_in_hybrid_vehicles.html|title=Google Promotes Development of Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles|website=www.streetdirectory.com|access-date=October 14, 2019|archive-date=October 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014121901/https://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/52213/car_parts/google_promotes_development_of_plug_in_hybrid_vehicles.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.mongabay.com/2007/06/google-will-put-10m-towards-plug-in-hybrid-cars/|title=Google will put $10M towards plug-in hybrid cars|date=June 19, 2007|website=Mongabay Environmental News|language=en-US|access-date=October 14, 2019|archive-date=October 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014121901/https://news.mongabay.com/2007/06/google-will-put-10m-towards-plug-in-hybrid-cars/|url-status=live}}</ref> and other alternative energy investments.<ref>{{harvnb|Scott|2008|pp=78–91}}</ref> He is also a strategic backer in the Opener and [[Company:Kitty Hawk Corporation|Kitty Hawk]]<ref name="KHO"/> startups, developing aerial vehicles for consumer travel.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.opener.aero/press/opener-announces-silicon-valley-luminary-backing/|title=Opener Announces Silicon Valley Luminary Backing|work=opener.aero|access-date=August 10, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724072815/https://www.opener.aero/press/opener-announces-silicon-valley-luminary-backing/|archive-date=July 24, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

Page is interested in the socio-economic effects of advanced intelligent systems and how advanced digital technologies can be used to create abundance (as described in Peter Diamandis' book), provide for people's needs, shorten the workweek, and mitigate the potential detrimental effects of [[Engineering:Technological unemployment|technological unemployment]].<ref>Larry Page, [[Biography:Sergey Brin|Sergey Brin]] and Vinod Khosla [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wdnp_7atZ0M discuss their views on the societal impact of technology] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141020184538/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wdnp_7atZ0M |date=October 20, 2014 }} (July 3, 2014). The audience is composed of the CEOs of the portfolio companies of ''Khosla Ventures''.</ref><ref>[http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/3173f19e-5fbc-11e4-8c27-00144feabdc0.html FT interview with Google co-founder and CEO Larry Page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102092448/http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/3173f19e-5fbc-11e4-8c27-00144feabdc0.html |date=November 2, 2014 }} (October 31, 2014), ''[[Social:Financial Times|Financial Times]]''</ref>

Page helped to set up Singularity University, a [[Transhumanism|transhumanist]] think-tank.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/13/business/13sing.html|title=Merely Human? That's So Yesterday|author=Ashlee Vance|date=June 13, 2010|work=The New York Times|access-date=February 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170209225625/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/13/business/13sing.html|archive-date=February 9, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

== Personal life ==

In the early 2000s, Page briefly dated [[Biography:Marissa Mayer|Marissa Mayer]], American business leader and former CEO of [[Company:Yahoo!|Yahoo!]], who was a Google employee at that time.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2013/aug/31/observer-profile-sergey-brin-google-guru |title=Sergey Brin: the Google guru's search for love |work={{wipe|The Guardian}} |date=August 31, 2013 |last=Rushe |first=Dominic |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818012707/https://www.theguardian.com/theobserver/2013/aug/31/observer-profile-sergey-brin-google-guru |archive-date=August 18, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/25/technology/google-sexual-harassment-andy-rubin.html |title=How Google Protected Andy Rubin, the 'Father of Android' |work={{wipe|The New York Times}} |date=October 25, 2018 |first1=Daisuke |last1=Wakabayashi |first2=Katie |last2=Benner |url-access=limited |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220903113809/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/25/technology/google-sexual-harassment-andy-rubin.html |archive-date=September 3, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On February 18, 2005, Page bought a {{convert|9000|sqft|-1}} Spanish Colonial Revival architecture house in Palo Alto, California, designed by American artistic [[History:Polymath|polymath]] Pedro Joseph de Lemos, a former curator of the Stanford Art Museum and founder of the Carmel Art Institute, after the historic building had been on the market for years with an asking price of {{wipe|United States dollar}}7.95 million. A two-story stucco archway spans the [[Engineering:Driveway|driveway]] and the home features intricate stucco work, as well as stone and tile in California Arts and Crafts movement style built to resemble de Lemos's family's castle in Spain. The Pedro de Lemos House was constructed between 1931 and 1941 by de Lemos.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paloaltoonline.com/news_features/real_estate/fall2003/interesting.php|title=Fall Real Estate 2003 – Palo Alto Online -|work=paloaltoonline.com|access-date=September 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314065737/http://www.paloaltoonline.com/news_features/real_estate/fall2003/interesting.php|archive-date=March 14, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://gawker.com/5032163/larry-pages-7-million-manse |title=Larry Page's $7 million manse |author=Jackson West |work=Gawker  |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208060525/https://gawker.com/5032163/larry-pages-7-million-manse |archive-date=February 8, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cawarchitects.com/content.php?id=WAO&ct=HS|title=Cody Anderson Wasney Architects – Waverley Oaks (Hacienda De Lemos)|work=cawarchitects.com|access-date=February 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220062452/http://www.cawarchitects.com/content.php?id=WAO&ct=HS|archive-date=February 20, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paloaltoonline.com/weekly/morgue/real_estate/1999_Feb_5.HOME05.html|title=Persevering to preserve the past|work=paloaltoonline.com|access-date=September 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160802110003/http://www.paloaltoonline.com/weekly/morgue/real_estate/1999_Feb_5.HOME05.html|archive-date=August 2, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pastheritage.org/Articles/deLemos.html|title=Hacienda de Lemos|work=pastheritage.org|access-date=February 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208071420/http://www.pastheritage.org/Articles/deLemos.html|archive-date=February 8, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> It is also on the National Register of Historic Places.<ref>{{cite web|url={{NRHP url|id=80000863}}|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory/Nomination: Pedro de Lemos House |publisher=National Park Service|author= |date= |accessdate=October 18, 2023}} With {{NRHP url|id=80000863|photos=y|title=accompanying pictures}}</ref>

In 2007, Page married Lucinda Southworth on Necker Island, the Caribbean island owned by [[Biography:Richard Branson|Richard Branson]].<ref name="marriage">{{cite news|author=Amanda Beck|author2=Gary Hill|date=November 13, 2007|title=Google founder Larry Page to marry|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/mediaNews/idUSN1360879220071114|url-status=live|access-date=May 15, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090216195837/http://www.reuters.com/article/mediaNews/idUSN1360879220071114|archive-date=February 16, 2009}}</ref> Southworth is a research scientist and the sister of British actress and model Carrie Southworth.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Woman|first1=Urban|date=October 21, 2020|title=All You Need To Know About Lucinda Southworth|newspaper=Urban Woman Magazine|url=https://urbanwomanmag.com/lucinda-southworth/|access-date=April 18, 2021|archive-date=April 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418221922/https://urbanwomanmag.com/lucinda-southworth/|url-status=live}}</ref> Page and Southworth have two children, born in 2009 and 2011 respectively.<ref>{{cite web|author=Ryan Tate|date=November 6, 2009|title=Another Google Heir Is Born|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/import/another-google-heir-is-born-2009-11|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531001927/http://www.businessinsider.com/import/another-google-heir-is-born-2009-11|archive-date=May 31, 2013|access-date=May 15, 2013|work=Business Insider|publisher=Business Insider, Inc}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Larry Page Fast Facts|publisher=CNN|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/08/us/larry-page-fast-facts|url-status=live|access-date=June 23, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703030058/http://edition.cnn.com/2013/04/08/us/larry-page-fast-facts|archive-date=July 3, 2013}}</ref>[[File:Luxury yacht Senses 2.JPG|thumb|Page's superyacht ''Senses'', docked in Helsinki]]
In 2009, Page began purchasing properties and tearing down homes adjacent to his home in Palo Alto to make room for a large ecohouse. The existing buildings were "deconstructed" and the materials donated for reuse. The ecohouse was designed to "minimize the impact on the environment." Page worked with an [[Biology:Arborist|arborist]] to replace some trees that were in poor health with others that used less water to maintain. Page also applied for Green Point Certification, with points given for use of recycled and low or no-VOC ([[Earth:Volatile organic compound|volatile organic compound]]) materials and for a roof garden with solar panels. The house's exterior features [[Chemistry:Zinc|zinc]] cladding and plenty of windows, including a wall of sliding-glass doors in the rear. It includes eco-friendly elements such as [[Engineering:Permeable paving|permeable paving]] in the parking court and a pervious path through the trees on the property. The {{convert|6000|sqft|-1}} house also observes other green home design features such as organic architecture building materials and low [[Earth:Volatile organic compound|volatile organic compound]] paint.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gawker.com/5184208/googles-larry-page-goes-on-eco-friendly-construction-rampage |title=Google's Larry Page Goes on Eco-Friendly Construction Rampage |author=Owen Thomas |work=Gawker  |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208071422/https://gawker.com/5184208/googles-larry-page-goes-on-eco-friendly-construction-rampage |archive-date=February 8, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.sfgate.com/ontheblock/2009/03/20/larry-page-to-build-new-eco-friendly-house-in-palo-alto/|title=Larry Page to Build New 'Eco-Friendly' House in Palo Alto|work=On The Block|access-date=February 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208073653/http://blog.sfgate.com/ontheblock/2009/03/20/larry-page-to-build-new-eco-friendly-house-in-palo-alto/|archive-date=February 8, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/topstories/ci_12041314|title=Google's Larry Page building eco-friendly compound in Palo Alto|work=San Jose Mercury News|date=March 31, 2009|access-date=February 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208071629/http://www.mercurynews.com/topstories/ci_12041314|archive-date=February 8, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.paloaltoonline.com/print/story/2009/03/20/google-exec-plans-6000-square-foot-home|title=Google exec plans 6,000-square-foot home|work=paloaltoonline.com|access-date=September 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912193535/https://www.paloaltoonline.com/print/story/2009/03/20/google-exec-plans-6000-square-foot-home|archive-date=September 12, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2011, Page bought the $45-million {{convert|193|ft|adj=on}} [[Engineering:Superyacht|superyacht]] ''Senses''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/yachts-owned-by-tech-execs-richard-branson-larry-page-larry-ellison-2019-3?op=1#page-owns-a-yacht-named-senses-a-45-million-194-foot-boat-that-he-bought-in-2011-from-a-new-zealand-businessman-the-yacht-has-a-private-beach-club-with-a-jacuzzi-and-sun-beds-both-indoor-and-outdoor-dining-areas-and-a-helicopter-pad-8|title=From basketball courts to floating helipads, here are the luxury yachts owned by some of the wealthiest people in tech|publisher=Business Insider|date=February 26, 2020|access-date=September 30, 2020|archive-date=April 17, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417192536/https://www.businessinsider.com/yachts-owned-by-tech-execs-richard-branson-larry-page-larry-ellison-2019-3?op=1#page-owns-a-yacht-named-senses-a-45-million-194-foot-boat-that-he-bought-in-2011-from-a-new-zealand-businessman-the-yacht-has-a-private-beach-club-with-a-jacuzzi-and-sun-beds-both-indoor-and-outdoor-dining-areas-and-a-helicopter-pad-8|url-status=live}}</ref> Later on, Page announced on his [[Social:Google+|Google+]] profile in May 2013 that his right vocal cord is paralyzed from a cold that he contracted the previous summer, while his left cord was paralyzed in 1999, and that the doctors were unable to identify the exact cause.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pepitone|first=Julianne|title=Google CEO Larry Page has vocal cord paralysis|url=https://money.cnn.com/2013/05/14/technology/google-larry-page-voice/|access-date=May 15, 2013|publisher=CNN|date=May 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130521173017/http://money.cnn.com/2013/05/14/technology/google-larry-page-voice/|archive-date=May 21, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> The Google+ post also revealed that Page had made a large donation to a vocal-cord nerve-function research program at the Voice Health Institute in Boston. An anonymous source stated that the donation exceeded $20 million.<ref>{{cite web|title=Larry Page Explains What Happened to His Voice|url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-05-14/larry-page-explains-why-he-lost-his-voice|work=Bloomberg Businessweek|publisher=Bloomberg L.P|access-date=May 15, 2013|author=Brad Stone|date=May 14, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515065231/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-05-14/larry-page-explains-why-he-lost-his-voice|archive-date=May 15, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> In October 2013, ''Business Insider'' reported that Page's paralysis were caused by an [[Medicine:Autoimmune disease|autoimmune disease]] called [[Medicine:Hashimoto's thyroiditis|Hashimoto's thyroiditis]], and prevented him from undertaking Google quarterly earnings conference calls for an indefinite period.<ref>{{cite news|first=Alyson|last=Shontell|title=Larry Page Tells Wall Street This Could Be His Last Google Earnings Call for a While|date=October 17, 2013|work=Business Insider|publisher=Business Insider, Inc.|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-wont-be-doing-every-google-earnings-call-2013-10|access-date=October 18, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017212505/http://www.businessinsider.com/larry-page-wont-be-doing-every-google-earnings-call-2013-10|archive-date=October 17, 2013|url-status=live|df = mdy-all}}</ref>

In November 2014, Page's family foundation, the Carl Victor Page Memorial Fund, reportedly holding assets in excess of a billion dollars at the end of 2013, gave $15 million to aid the effort against the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa. Page wrote on his Google+ page that "My wife and I just donated $15 million [...] Our hearts go out to everyone affected."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://insidephilanthropy.squarespace.com/guide-to-individual-donors/larry-page.html|title=Larry Page – Tech Philanthropists – Donors – Foundations – Inside Philanthropy|work=squarespace.com|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413141443/http://insidephilanthropy.squarespace.com/guide-to-individual-donors/larry-page.html|archive-date=April 13, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://philanthropy.com/article/Google-CEO-Larry-Page-Gave/153353|title=Google CEO Larry Page Gave $177-Million to Charity Last Month|work=The Chronicle of Philanthropy|date=March 21, 2014 |access-date=April 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150405162339/https://philanthropy.com/article/Google-CEO-Larry-Page-Gave/153353|archive-date=April 5, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://plus.google.com/+LarryPage/posts|title=Larry Page – Google+|access-date=April 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150410152706/https://plus.google.com/+LarryPage/posts|archive-date=April 10, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2014/11/10/google-ceo-larry-page-donate-millions-to-ebola-fight-virus-outbreak-save-the-children-doctors-without-borders/|title=Google, CEO Larry Page Donate Millions To Ebola Fight|work=cbslocal.com|date=November 10, 2014|access-date=April 10, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402180630/http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2014/11/10/google-ceo-larry-page-donate-millions-to-ebola-fight-virus-outbreak-save-the-children-doctors-without-borders/|archive-date=April 2, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

In August 2021 it was revealed that Page holds a [[Earth:New Zealand|New Zealand]] resident's visa and had traveled to the country on a medivac flight from Fiji for his son's treatment in New Zealand, despite New Zealand promulgating an act not to allow any outsiders while in a critical state due to worsened situation across the country due to pandemic. The flight took place on January 12, 2021. Page had been living in Fiji with his family during the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Wade |first1=Amelia |title=Exclusive: Google co-founder Larry Page has New Zealand residency |url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/politics/2021/08/exclusive-google-co-founder-larry-page-has-new-zealand-residency.html |access-date=August 5, 2021 |publisher=Newshub |date=August 5, 2021 |archive-date=August 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210805222142/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/politics/2021/08/exclusive-google-co-founder-larry-page-has-new-zealand-residency.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2023, the US Virgin Islands tried several times to serve Page a subpoena in the lawsuit over [[Company:JPMorgan Chase|JP Morgan Chase]]'s links to Jeffrey Epstein.<ref>{{Cite web |title=USVI's Motion for Alternative Service of Subpoena on Larry Page |url=https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.nysd.591653/gov.uscourts.nysd.591653.132.0.pdf |access-date=9 September 2023 |website=storage.courtlistener.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mangan |first=Dan |date=2023-05-04 |title=Virgin Islands issued subpoena to Google co-founder Larry Page in lawsuit against JPMorgan Chase over Jeffrey Epstein |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/05/04/google-co-founder-larry-page-can-get-jeffrey-epstein-case-service.html |access-date=2023-05-17 |website=CNBC |language=en}}</ref>

== Awards and accolades ==
=== 1998–2009 ===
* ''PC Magazine'' has praised Google as among the Top 100 Web Sites and Search Engines (1998) and awarded Google the Technical Excellence Award for Innovation in Web Application Development in 1999. In 2000, Google earned a [[Webby Award]], a People's Voice Award for technical achievement, and in 2001, was awarded Outstanding Search Service, Best Image Search Engine, Best Design, Most Webmaster Friendly Search Engine, and Best Search Feature at the Search Engine Watch Awards.<ref>[http://www.nsfgrfp.org/why_apply/fellow_profiles/sergey_brin National Science Foundation] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513191112/http://www.nsfgrfp.org/why_apply/fellow_profiles/sergey_brin |date=May 13, 2011 }}, Fellow Profiles.</ref>
* In 2002, Page was named a [[Organization:World Economic Forum|World Economic Forum]] Global Leader for Tomorrow{{citation needed|date=November 2019}} and along with Brin, was named by the [[Organization:Massachusetts Institute of Technology|Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] (MIT)'s ''Technology Review'' publication as one of the top 100 innovators in the world under the age of 35, as part of its yearly TR100 listing (changed to "TR35" after 2005).<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.technologyreview.com/tr35/profile.aspx?trid=380 |title=2002 Young Innovators Under 35: Larry Page, 29 |magazine=Technology Review |year=2002 |access-date=August 14, 2011 |archive-date=September 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928224011/http://www.technologyreview.com/tr35/profile.aspx?trid=380 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 2003, both Page and Brin received an MBA from IE Business School, in an [[Social:Honorary degree|honorary]] capacity, "for embodying the entrepreneurial spirit and lending momentum to the creation of new businesses."<ref>[http://www.ie.edu/IE/php/en/noticia.php?id=225 Brin and Page Awarded MBAs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090226171611/http://www.ie.edu/IE/php/en/noticia.php?id=225 |date=February 26, 2009 }}, Press Release, September 9, 2003</ref>
* In 2004, they received the Marconi Foundation's prize and were elected [[Social:Fellow|Fellow]]s of the Marconi Foundation at [[Organization:Columbia University|Columbia University]]. In announcing their selection, John Jay Iselin, the Foundation's president, congratulated the two men for "their invention that has fundamentally changed the way information is retrieved today."<ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2004_Sept_23/ai_n6208748 Brin and Page Receive Marconi Foundation's Highest Honor], Press Release, September 23, 2004 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091213164631/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2004_Sept_23/ai_n6208748/ |date=December 13, 2009 }}</ref>
* In 2004, Page and Brin received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.<ref>{{cite web|title=Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement|website=www.achievement.org|publisher=American Academy of Achievement|url=https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#business|access-date=March 27, 2020|archive-date=December 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161215023909/https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#business|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Page and Brin were also Award Recipients and National Finalists for the EY Entrepreneur of the Year Award in 2003.<ref>[http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/15-local-business-leaders-receive-awards-for-their-success-in-business-and-the-community-71384622.html "15 Local Business Leaders Receive Awards for Their Success in Business And The Community."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414022039/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/15-local-business-leaders-receive-awards-for-their-success-in-business-and-the-community-71384622.html |date=April 14, 2015 }} PR NewsWire, June 23, 2003. Web. April 10, 2015.</ref>
* Also in 2004, X PRIZE chose Page as a trustee of their board<ref name="corpexecs">{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/corporate/execs.html#larry|title=Management team|access-date=November 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151009035203/https://www.google.com/about/company/facts/management#larry|archive-date=October 9, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> and he was elected to the National Academy of Engineering.{{citation needed|date=November 2019}}
* In 2005, Brin and Page were elected Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amacad.org/news%5Cnew2005.aspx|title=American Academy of Arts & Sciences|work=amacad.org|access-date=November 21, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615155050/http://www.amacad.org/news/new2005.aspx|archive-date=June 15, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* In 2008 Page received the Communication Award from Prince Felipe at the Prince of Asturias Awards on behalf of Google.<ref>{{cite web|title=Prince Of Asturias Awards 2008|url=http://www.zimbio.com/photos/Larry+Page/Prince+Of+Asturias+Awards+2008/jdP1CTICuuj|access-date=August 18, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906122113/http://www.zimbio.com/photos/Larry+Page/Prince+Of+Asturias+Awards+2008/jdP1CTICuuj|archive-date=September 6, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== 2009–present ===
* In 2009, Page received an honorary doctorate from the University of Michigan during a graduation commencement ceremony.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.google.com/intl/en/press/annc/20090502-page-commencement.html |title=Larry Page's University of Michigan 2009 Spring Commencement Address=October 06, 2009 |access-date=November 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701183934/http://www.google.com/intl/en/press/annc/20090502-page-commencement.html |archive-date=July 1, 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> In 2011, he was ranked 24th on the Forbes list of billionaires, and as the 11th richest person in the U.S.<ref name="forbes"/>
* In 2015, Page's "Powerful People" profile on the ''Forbes'' site states that Google is "the most influential company of the digital era".<ref>{{cite web|title=Larry Page|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-page/|website=Forbes|access-date=February 6, 2015|year=2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204173548/https://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-page/|archive-date=December 4, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
* As of July 2014, the Bloomberg Billionaires Index lists Page as the 17th richest man in the world, with an estimated net worth of $32.7 billion.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bloomberg Billionaires Index |access-date=December 3, 2012 |url=http://topics.bloomberg.com/bloomberg-billionaires-index/ |publisher=Bloomberg LP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121214085457/http://topics.bloomberg.com/bloomberg-billionaires-index/ |archive-date=December 14, 2012 }}</ref>
* At the completion of 2014, ''Fortune'' magazine named Page its "Businessperson of the Year", declaring him "the world's most daring CEO".<ref>{{cite web|author1=Miguel Helft|title=2014's Top People in Business – 1. Larry Page|url=http://fortune.com/businessperson-of-the-year/larry-page-1/|website=Fortune|access-date=February 3, 2015|date=December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203162456/http://fortune.com/businessperson-of-the-year/larry-page-1/|archive-date=February 3, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
* In October 2015, Page was named number one on the ''{{wipe|Forbes}}'' "America's Most Popular Chief Executives" list, as voted by Google's employees.<ref>{{Cite web |title = America's Most Popular Chief Executives [Infographic] |url = https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2015/10/22/americas-most-popular-chief-executives-infographic/ |website = Forbes |access-date = October 23, 2015 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151022224051/http://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2015/10/22/americas-most-popular-chief-executives-infographic/ |archive-date = October 22, 2015 |url-status=live |df = mdy-all }}</ref>
* In August 2017, Page was awarded honorary citizenship of Agrigento, Italy.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/tecnologia/tlc/2017/08/04/larry-page-cittadino-onorario-agrigento_03154c74-46ad-448b-b0f1-4841e07124e3.html|title=Larry Page di Google cittadino onorario di Agrigento – Tlc|date=August 4, 2017|work=ANSA.it|access-date=September 27, 2017|language=it|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928102904/http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/tecnologia/tlc/2017/08/04/larry-page-cittadino-onorario-agrigento_03154c74-46ad-448b-b0f1-4841e07124e3.html|archive-date=September 28, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

== In popular culture ==
A fictionalized version of Larry Page portrayed by actor Ben Feldman appeared in the Showtime drama series ''Super Pumped''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hailu |first=Selome |date=2022-01-10 |title=‘Super Pumped’: Uber Series at Showtime Adds Six to Cast |url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/super-pumped-the-battle-for-uber-cast-ian-alda-ben-feldman-rob-morrow-1235150434/ |access-date=2024-01-20 |website=Vulture |language=en-us}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profile/larry-page Larry Page] at [[Company:Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg L.P.]]
* [https://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-page/ Larry Page] on ''{{wipe|Forbes}}''

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{{s-ttl
| title = CEO of Google
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Page, Larry}}
[[Category:American computer scientists]]

{{Sourceattribution|Larry Page}}