View source for Biography:Ghulam Ali Dehlavi

{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| name             = Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi
| birth_place      = Patiala, Sikh Confederacy
|  birth_date       =  1743<ref name=Ghaffari>[http://maktabah.org/blog/?p=25 Profile of Shah Abdullah alias Ghulam Ali Dehlavi] on maktabah.org website Published 1 April 2011, Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref>
|  death_date       =  {{death date and age|df=y|1824|10|16|1743}}<ref name=Ghaffari/>
|  death_place      = Dehli, Mughal Empire
|  religion         = [[Religion:Islam|Islam]]
| denomination      = Sunni
| jurisprudence     = Hanafi
| creed             = [[Religion:Maturidi|Maturidi]]
| Sufi_order        =  Naqshbandi
|  influences       = Abul-Hassan Kharaqani<br>Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari<br>[[Biography:Ahmad Sirhindi|Ahmad Sirhindi]]<br>[[Biography:Abu Hanifa|Abu Hanifa]]<br>al-Maturidi<br>Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan
| influenced        = Abu Saeed Ahmadi<br>Khalid al-Baghdadi Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi
}}


'''Shah Abdullah''' alias '''Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi''' (1743–1824, [[Social:Urdu|Urdu]]:{{Nastaliq|شاہ غلام علی دہلوی}}) was a Sufi Shaykh in [[Place:Delhi|Delhi]] during the early 19th century. He was a master of the Naqshbandi tradition and in other Sufi orders such as Chishti.<ref name=Ghaffari/>

==Biography==
He was born in 1156 AH (1743 C.E.) in Patiala, Punjab, in present-day India.<ref name=Ghaffari/> His father was Shah Abdul-Latif, a scholar and Sufi shaykh belonging to the Qadri tariqah. It is reported in his biographies that his father had a dream before his birth in which he saw Sayyadna [[Biography:Ali|Ali]], who told him to name the baby on his name (''Ali''). After he grew up, he modified his own name to be '''Ghulam Ali''' (literally meaning slave of Ali, a common name in Indian Muslims today).

He is reported to have memorized the [[Religion:Quran|Quran]] in a single month's duration.<ref name=Ghaffari/> In 1170 AH he came to Delhi to take the oath of allegiance to Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan, who was a famous Shaykh of Naqshbandi tariqah in Delhi at that time. After getting trained in the major Sufi orders including Naqshbandi for 15 years, he received complete Khilafat (spiritual [[Engineering:Ijazah|Ijazah]]) from his Shaykh.<ref name=Ghaffari/>

He had many Khulafa (deputies) who spread the Naqshbandi Sufi order to a vast number of people in the whole Muslim world at that time. His Khulafa went to [[Place:Bukhara|Bukhara]], [[Place:Baghdad|Baghdad]], Madinah and [[Place:Turkey|Turkey]]. His famous khalifa was Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi, who had hundreds of thousands of followers in his lifetime, and many Naqshbandi's today in Turkey and nearby countries follow him. His chief deputy and successor was Hafiz Abu-Saeed-Ahmadi Faruqi Mujaddidi Naqshbandi ([[Place:Delhi|Delhi]]) and his next successor was Hafiz Shah Ahmed Saeed Faruqi Mujaddidi, son of Hafiz Shah Abu Saeed ([[Place:Medina|Medina]]) <ref name=Ghaffari/>

He is quoted to have said: "My Faid (spirituality) has reached far off countries. Our Halqa is held in Makkah and our Halqa is held in Madinah. Similarly our Halqa is held in [[Place:Baghdad|Baghdad]], Rome (now Turkey and Cyprus) and Maghrib (Parts of Europe and Africa facing Asia). And [[Place:Bukhara|Bukhara]] is our parental home."<ref name=Ghaffari/>

He died on 22 [[Religion:Safar|Safar]] 1240 AH (15/16 October 1824) and was buried alongside his Shaykh's grave in Khanqah Mirja in [[Place:Delhi|Delhi]].<ref name=Ghaffari/>

===Writings===
He wrote books, the best known being ''Mazhari'' in Persian, which is a complete biography of his shaykh Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan Shaheed.<ref name=Ghaffari/>

His other books are:
* Edah-e-Tariqat
* Ahwal-e-Buzurgaan
* Risalah dar Tariqah Ba'yat wa Azkar
* Risalah dar Tariqah Naqshband
* Risalah Sitri Chand dar Ahwal-e-Shah-e-Naqshband
* Risalah-e-Azkar
* Risalah-e-Muraqbat
* Risalah dar Aitarazat Shaykh Abdul-Haq bar Hazrat Mujaddid
* Risalah Mashgooliyah
* Sulook Raqia Naqshbandia
* Makateeb Shareefa (collection of his letters)
* Kamalat-e-Mazhariya
* Malfoozat-e-Sharifa<ref>[https://archive.org/details/Malfuzat-e-sharifaOfHazratShahGhulamAliDehlavi-Urdu Ghulam Ali Dehlavi's book in Urdu Malfuzat-e-Sharifa] Archived link, Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref>

=== Naqshbandi chain ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! #
! width="40%" | Name<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islahulmuslimeen.org/golden_chain.asp |title= Golden Chain (Shijra) |publisher=Islah-ul-Muslimeen |access-date=16 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101124033432/http://islahulmuslimeen.org/golden_chain.asp |archive-date=2010-11-24 }}</ref><ref name=GoldenChains>[http://maktabah.org/blog/?p=30 The Golden Chains of Ghulam Ali Dehlavi] on maktabah.org website Published 3 April 2011, Retrieved 16 August 2018</ref>
! width="20%" | Buried
! width="20%" | Birth
! width="20%" | Death
|-
| 14
| Khwaja '''Azizan Ali Ramitani'''
| Khwaarizm, Uzbekistan
| 591 AH

(1194 C.E)
| 27 [[Religion:Ramadan|Ramadan]] 715 or 721 AH

(25/26 December 1315 or 20/21 October 1321)
|-
| 15
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Baba Samasi'''
| Samaas, [[Place:Bukhara|Bukhara]], Uzbekistan
| 25 [[Religion:Rajab|Rajab]] 591 AH

(5/6 July 1195 C.E)
| 10 [[Religion:Jumada al-Thani|Jumada al-Thani]] 755 AH

(2/3 July 1354 C.E)
|-
| 16
| Khwaja Sayyid '''Amir Kulal'''
| Saukhaar, [[Place:Bukhara|Bukhara]], Uzbekistan
| 676 AH

(1277/1278 C.E)
| Wed 2 [[Religion:Jumada al-Thani|Jumada al-Thani]] 772 AH

(21/22 December 1370 C.E)
|-
| 17
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Baha'uddin Naqshband''' Bukhari
| Qasr-e-Aarifan, [[Place:Bukhara|Bukhara]], Uzbekistan
| 4 Muharram 718 AH

(8/9 March 1318 C.E)
| 3 Rabi al-Awwal 791 AH

(2/3 March 1389 C.E)
|-
| 18
| Khwaja '''Ala'uddin Attar''' Bukhari, son-in-law of (17)
| Jafaaniyan, [[Place:Transoxiana|Transoxiana]] (Uzbekistan)
|
| Wed 20 [[Religion:Rajab|Rajab]] 804 AH

(23 February 1402 C.E)
|-
| 19
| Khwaja '''Yaqub Charkhi'''
| Gulistan, [[Place:Dushanbe|Dushanbe]], Tajikistan
| 762 AH

(1360/1361 C.E)
| 5 [[Religion:Safar|Safar]] 851 AH

(21/22 April 1447 C.E)
|-
| 20
| Khwaja '''Ubaidullah Ahrar'''
| [[Place:Samarkand|Samarkand]], Uzbekistan
| [[Religion:Ramadan|Ramadan]] 806 AH

(March/April 1404 C.E)
| 29 Rabi al-Awwal 895 AH

(19/20 February 1490 C.E)
|-
| 21
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Zahid Wakhshi'''
| Wakhsh
| 14 [[Religion:Shawwal|Shawwal]] 852 AH

(11/12 December 1448 C.E)
| 1 Rabi al-Awwal 936 AH

(3/4 November 1529 C.E)
|-
| 22
| Khwaja '''Durwesh Muhammad''', son of sister of (21)
| Asqarar, Uzbekistan
| 16 [[Religion:Shawwal|Shawwal]] 846 AH

(17/18 February 1443 C.E)
| 19 [[Religion:Muharram|Muharram]] 970 AH

(18/19 September 1562 C.E)
|-
| 23
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Amkanaki''', son of (22)
| Amkana, [[Place:Bukhara|Bukhara]], Uzbekistan
| 918 AH

(1512/1513 C.E)
| 22 Shaban 1008 AH

(8/9 March 1600 C.E)
|-
| 24
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Baqi Billah''' Berang
| [[Place:Delhi|Delhi]], {{wipe|India}}
| 5 [[Religion:Dhu al-Hijjah|Dhu al-Hijjah]] 971 or 972 AH

(14 July 1564 / 3 July 1565)
| 25 [[Religion:Jumada al-Thani|Jumada al-Thani]] 1012 AH

(29/30 November 1603 C.E)
|-
| 25
| [[Biography:Ahmad Sirhindi|Shaikh '''Ahmad al-Farūqī al-Sirhindī''', Imām Rabbānī]]
| Sirhind, {{wipe|India}}
| 14 [[Religion:Shawwal|Shawwal]] 971 AH

(25/26 May 1564 C.E)
| 28 [[Religion:Safar|Safar]] 1034 AH

(9/10 December 1624 C.E)
|-
| 26
| Imām Khwaja '''Muhammad Masum''' Faruqi, 3rd son of (25)
| Sirhind, {{wipe|India}}
| 1007 AH

(1598/1599 C.E)
| 9 Rabi al-Awwal 1099 AH

(13/14 January 1688 C.E)
|-
| 27
| Khwaja '''Muhammad Saifuddin''' Faruqi, son of (26)
| Sirhind, {{wipe|India}}
| 1049 AH

(1639/1640 C.E)
| 19 or 26 [[Religion:Jumada al-awwal|Jumada al-awwal]] 1096 AH

(April 1685 C.E)
|-
| 28
| Hafiz '''Muhammad Mohsin''' Dehlavi
| [[Place:Delhi|Delhi]], {{wipe|India}}
|
|
|-
| 29
| Sayyid '''Nur Muhammad Badayuni'''
| [[Place:Delhi|Delhi]], {{wipe|India}}
|
| 11 Dhu al-Qi'dah 1135AH

(12/13 August 1723 C.E)
|-
| 30
| Shaheed '''Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan''', Shams-ud-Dīn Habībullāh
| [[Place:Delhi|Delhi]], {{wipe|India}}
| 11 [[Religion:Ramadan|Ramadan]] 1111 AH

(2/3 March 1700 C.E)
| 10 [[Religion:Muharram|Muharram]] 1195 AH

(Fri 5 January 1781 C.E)
|-
| 31
| Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi|Khwaja Abdullah Dehlavi, alias '''Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi'''
| [[Place:Delhi|Delhi]], {{wipe|India}}
| 1156 AH<ref name=Ghaffari/>

(1743 C.E)
| 22 [[Religion:Safar|Safar]] 1240 AH

(15/16 October 1824 C.E)

|}

===Qadri chain===
Extracted from Maqamat Mazhari by Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi<ref name=GoldenChains/>

# Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi
# Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan
# Muhammad Abid Sanami
# Abdul Ahad
# Muhammad Said
# Ahmed Sirhindi 
# Abdul Ahad Faruqi
# Shah Kamal Kethali
# Shah Fuzail
# Gada e Rahman Sani
# Shamsuddin Arif
# Gada e Rahman Awal
# Shamsuddin Sehrai
# Aqeel
# Abdul Wahhab
# Sharfuddin
# Abdur Razzaq
# Abdul-Qadir Gilani

===Chishti chain===
Extracted from Maqamat Mazhari by Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi

# Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlvi
# Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan
# Muhammad Abid Sanami
# Abdul Ahad Sirhindi
# Muhammad Said
# Ahmed Sirhindi
# Abdul Ahad Faruqi
# Ruknuddin
# Abdul Quddus Gangohi
# Muhammad Arif
# Ahmed Abdul Haq
# Jalaluddin Panipati
# Shamsuddin Turk Panipati
# Alauddin Sabir Kaliyari
# Fariduddin Ganjshakar
# Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki
# Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti

==His Khulafa==
His Khulafa were numerous and many of them were prominent Shaykhs at their times. Following is a list of his most prominent Khulafa as extracted from various sources.

# Mawlana Hafiz Abu-Saeed-Ahmadi Faruqi Mujaddidi Naqshbandi, his successor ([[Place:Delhi|Delhi]])<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Mawlana Hafiz Shah Ahmed Saeed Faruqi Mujaddidi, son of Hafiz Shah Abu Saeed ([[Place:Medina|Medina]])
# Shah Rauf Ahmed Raaft Faruqi Mujaddidi Rampuri (Bhopal)
# Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi al-Kurdi al-Rumi ([[Place:Turkey|Turkey]])<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Mawlana Ismaeel Madani ([[Place:Medina|Medina]])
# Mawlana Ghulam Mohiuddin Qusoori<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Mawlana Bashartullah Behra'ichi
# Mawlana Shah Gul Muhammad Ghaznavi ([[Place:Bukhara|Bukhara]])
# Mawlana Muhammad Sharif (Sirhind)
# Mawlana Pir Muhammad ([[Place:Kashmir|Kashmir]])
# Mawlana Jan Muhammad ([[Place:Herat|Herat]])
# Mawlana Muhammad Jan (Makkah, d.1266 AH), whose Khulafa spread up to Turkey<ref name=Ghaffari/>
# Shah Saad'ullah Naqshbandi (Hyderabad)

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111013160113/http://www.maktabah.org/index.php/biography/sufi-shaikhs/889.html Maqamat Mazhari (Urdu translation) by Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi: Biography of his shaykh Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan]
* 'Halate Mashayekhe Naqshbandiya Mujaddediya' written by mawlana muhammad hasan naqshbandi mujaddedi.first published march,1982.(1402hz).'Narinda khanka Sharif'


{{DEFAULTSORT:Shah Ghulam Ali Dehlavi}}
[[Category:Sufi teachers]]

{{Sourceattribution|Ghulam Ali Dehlavi}}