View source for Astronomy:V520 Persei

{{Short description|Star in the constellation Perseus}}
{{Starbox begin
| name = V520 Persei
}}
{{Starbox image
| image=[[File:Perseus constellation map.svg|280px]]
| caption=V520 Per is in the cluster [[Astronomy:NGC 869|NGC 869]], labelled as χ.
| credit=
}}
{{Starbox observe
| epoch=J2000
| ra={{RA|02|19|04.45252}}<ref name=dr3/>
| dec={{DEC|57|08|07.7951}}<ref name=dr3/>
| appmag_v=6.567<ref name=slesnick>{{cite journal|bibcode=2002ApJ...576..880S|title=The Star Formation History and Mass Function of the Double Cluster h and χ Persei|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|volume=576|issue=2|pages=880|last1=Slesnick|first1=Catherine L.|last2=Hillenbrand|first2=Lynne A.|last3=Massey|first3=Philip|year=2002|doi=10.1086/341865|arxiv = astro-ph/0205130 |s2cid=11463246}}</ref> {{nowrap|(6.52 - 6.67<ref name=gcvs/>)}}
| constell=[[Astronomy:Perseus (constellation)|Perseus]]
}}
{{Starbox character
 | class=B3 Ia<ref name=kraus>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009A&A...499..291K|title=Parameters of galactic early B supergiants. The influence of the wind on the interstellar extinction determination|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=499|pages=291|last1=Kraus|first1=M.|last2=Borges Fernandes|first2=M.|last3=Kubát|first3=J.|year=2009|issue=1|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200810319|doi-access=free}}</ref>
 | b-v=+0.452<ref name=slesnick/>
 | u-b=−0.346<ref name=slesnick/>
 | variable=[[Astronomy:Irregular variable|IA]]<ref name=gcvs>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009yCat....102025S|title=VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)|journal=VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S|volume=1|display-authors=0|last1=Samus|first1=N. N.|last2=Durlevich|first2=O. V.|year=2009}}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
 | radial_v=−43.40<ref name=famaey>{{cite journal|last1=Famaey|first1=B.|last2=Jorissen|first2=A.|last3=Luri|first3=X.|last4=Mayor|first4=M.|last5=Udry|first5=S.|last6=Dejonghe|first6=H.|last7=Turon|first7=C.|title=Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=430|issue=1|year=2005|pages=165–186|issn=0004-6361|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20041272|bibcode=2005A&A...430..165F|arxiv = astro-ph/0409579 |s2cid=17804304}}</ref>
 | prop_mo_ra=−0.673<ref name=dr3/>
 | prop_mo_dec=−1.098<ref name=dr3/>
 | parallax=0.4348
 | p_error=0.0198
 | parallax_footnote=<ref name=dr3>{{cite Gaia DR3|458374788336739200}}</ref>
 | dist_pc=
 | dist_ly=
 | absmag_v=−7.1<ref name=crowther>{{cite journal|bibcode=2006A&A...446..279C|arxiv=astro-ph/0509436|title=Physical parameters and wind properties of galactic early B supergiants|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=446|pages=279–293|last1=Crowther|first1=P. A.|last2=Lennon|first2=D. J.|last3=Walborn|first3=N. R.|year=2006|issue=1|doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20053685|s2cid=18815761}}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox detail
 | mass=29.5<ref name=marshboyer>{{cite journal|bibcode=2012AJ....144..158M|arxiv=1209.5771|title=Physical Properties of the B and Be Star Populations of h and χ Persei|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=144|issue=6|pages=158|last1=Marsh Boyer|first1=Amber N.|last2=McSwain|first2=M. Virginia|last3=Aragona|first3=Christina|last4=Ou-Yang|first4=Benjamin|year=2012|doi=10.1088/0004-6256/144/6/158|s2cid=118614141}}</ref>
 | radius=40.8<ref name=marshboyer/>
 | luminosity=190,000<ref name=crowther/>
 | temperature=21,300<ref name=marshboyer/>
 | metal=
 | rotation=66<ref name=crowther/>
 | gravity=2.69<ref name=marshboyer/>
 | age_myr=14<ref name=marshboyer/>
}}
{{Starbox catalog
 | names= [[Astronomy:Variable star designation|V520]] Per, HD 14134, HIP 10805, BD+56°522, [[Astronomy:Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog|SAO]] 23178, [[Astronomy:PPM Star Catalogue|PPM]] 27425, [[Astronomy:Washington Double Star Catalog|WDS]] J02191+5708, [[Astronomy:2MASS|2MASS]] J02190444+5708078
}}
{{ Starbox reference
 | Simbad = V520+Persei
}}
{{Starbox end}}

'''V520 Persei''' is a [[Astronomy:Blue supergiant|blue supergiant]] member of [[Astronomy:NGC 869|NGC 869]], one of the Perseus [[Astronomy:Double Cluster|Double Cluster]] [[Astronomy:Open cluster|open cluster]]s. It is an [[Astronomy:Irregular variable|irregular variable]] star. At a magnitude of 6.55, V520 Persei is the brightest member in either NGC 869 or [[Astronomy:NGC 884|NGC 884]], although the brighter HD 13994 lies in the foreground along the same line of sight.<ref name=slesnick/>

[[File:The Double Cluster.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|V520 Per is the brightest star at the very centre of NGC 869, the left of the two clusters (north is down).]]

The [[Astronomy:Washington Double Star Catalog|Washington Double Star Catalog]] lists V520 Per as a double star about 15" from a 13th magnitude A0 companion which is another cluster member.  There are dozens of other stars within an arc-minute, including several brighter than 10th magnitude and two 15th magnitude stars closer than the listed companion.<ref name=wds>{{cite journal|bibcode=2001AJ....122.3466M|title=The 2001 US Naval Observatory Double Star CD-ROM. I. The Washington Double Star Catalog|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=122|issue=6|pages=3466|last1=Mason|first1=Brian D.|last2=Wycoff|first2=Gary L.|last3=Hartkopf|first3=William I.|last4=Douglass|first4=Geoffrey G.|last5=Worley|first5=Charles E.|year=2001|doi=10.1086/323920|doi-access=free}}</ref>  The Catalogue of Components of Double and Multiple Stars also lists a single companion, but it is an 11th magnitude star 29" away.<ref name=ccdm>{{cite journal|bibcode=1994CoORB.115....1D|title=Catalogue des composantes d'etoiles doubles et multiples (CCDM) premiere edition - Catalogue of the components of double and multiple stars (CCDM) first edition|journal=Com. De l'Observ. Royal de Belgique|volume=115|pages=1|last1=Dommanget|first1=J.|last2=Nys|first2=O.|year=1994}}</ref>

V520 Per is a well-defined member of NGC 869 by location, proper motion, photometry, and spectroscopy, which places it at the same distance of around 7,000 light years.<ref name=marshboyer/>  This is supported by the Gaia Data Release 3 parallax of {{val|0.43|ul=mas}}.<ref name=dr3/>

[[File:V520PerLightCurve.png|thumb|left|A [[Astronomy:Light curve|light curve]] for V520 Persei, plotted from ''Hipparcos'' data<ref name=HipDataAccess/>]]
The type of variability is listed in the [[Astronomy:General Catalogue of Variable Stars|General Catalogue of Variable Stars]] as IA, indicating it is poorly studied with no clear period.  The visual range is 6.52 - 6.67.<ref name=gcvs/>  Statistical analysis of [[Astronomy:Hipparcos|Hipparcos]] photometry suggests a possible period of 1.6 days, but the type variability is not clearly defined.<ref name=lefevre>{{cite journal|bibcode=2009A&A...507.1141L|title=A systematic study of variability among OB-stars based on HIPPARCOS photometry|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=507|issue=2|pages=1141|last1=Lefèvre|first1=L.|last2=Marchenko|first2=S. V.|last3=Moffat|first3=A. F. J.|last4=Acker|first4=A.|year=2009|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200912304|doi-access=free}}</ref>

V520 Persei is a supergiant with a spectral class of B3. It also shows some emission lines in its spectrum.<ref name=marshboyer/>  It has exhausted its core hydrogen and expanded into a more luminous star fusing hydrogen in a shell or helium in its core.  It is over 100,000 times more luminous than the sun, although only thirty times its mass.  Much of the luminosity arises from [[Physics:Ultraviolet|ultraviolet]] radiation created by the temperature of over 20,000 K.

V520 Per has been identified as one of Flamsteed's "missing stars", catalogue numbers created by Flamsteed but not actually associated with a current star in that constellation.  It is described as being '''61 Andromedae''', although it is well outside the boundary of Andromeda and Flamsteed catalogued other nearby stars in Perseus, for example [[Astronomy:7 Persei|7 Persei]] for χ Per itself.<ref name=wagman>{{cite journal|bibcode=1987JHA....18..209W|title=Flamsteed's Missing Stars|journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy|volume=18|pages=209–223|last1=Wagman|first1=M.|year=1987|issue=3|doi=10.1177/002182868701800305|s2cid=118445625}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=HipDataAccess>{{cite web |title=Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access |url=https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/hipparcos/interactive-data-access |website=Hipparcos |publisher=ESA |access-date=8 December 2021}}</ref>

}}

{{Stars of Perseus}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:V520 Persei}}
[[Category:B-type supergiants]]
[[Category:Perseus (constellation)]]
[[Category:Objects with variable star designations|Persei, V520]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|014528]]
[[Category:Irregular variables]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|010805]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects|BD+56 0522]]
[[Category:Double stars]]
[[Category:Be stars]]

{{Sourceattribution|V520 Persei}}