View source for Astronomy:HD 80606 and HD 80607

{{short description|Binary star system in the constellation Ursa Major}}
{{Starbox begin
| name = HD 80606/7
}}
{{Starbox image
| image = [[Image:HD 80606 HD 80607 GALEX WikiSky.jpg|250px]]
| caption = The HD 80606/7 binary star system on [[Astronomy:GALEX|GALEX]] sky survey
}}
{{Starbox observe 2s
| epoch = J2000.0
| constell = [[Astronomy:Ursa Major|Ursa Major]]
| component1 = HD 80606
| ra1 = {{RA|09|22|37.5769}}<ref name=dr2a>{{cite DR2|1019003226022657920}}</ref>
| dec1 = {{DEC|+50|36|13.430}}<ref name=dr2a/>
| appmag_v1 = +9.00<ref name=TYC2>{{cite journal|title=The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars|author=Høg, E.|display-authors=0|date=2000|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=355|pages=L27–L30|bibcode=2000A&A...355L..27H}}</ref>
| component2 = HD 80607
| ra2 = {{RA|09|22|39.7369}}<ref name=dr2b>{{cite DR2|1019003329101872896}}</ref>
| dec2 = {{DEC|+50|36|13.945}}<ref name=dr2b/>
| appmag_v2 = +9.090<ref name=Kharchenko>{{cite journal|title=Astrophysical supplements to the ASCC-2.5: Ia. Radial velocities of ~55000 stars and mean radial velocities of 516 Galactic open clusters and associations|author=Kharchenko, N. V.|display-authors=0|journal=Astronomische Nachrichten|volume=328|issue=9|page=889|date=2007|bibcode=2007AN....328..889K|doi=10.1002/asna.200710776|arxiv=0705.0878|s2cid=119323941}}</ref>
}}
{{Starbox character
| component1 = HD 80606
| class = G5<ref name="fossey2009"/>
| b-v = +0.765<ref name="fossey2009"/>
| component2 = HD 80607
| class2 = G5<ref name="fossey2009"/>
| b-v2 = +0.828<ref name="fossey2009"/>
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
| component1 = HD 80606
| radial_v = 3.6
| prop_mo_ra = 55.933<ref name=dr2a/>
| prop_mo_dec = 10.340<ref name=dr2a/>
| parallax = 15.0153
| p_error = 0.0361
| parallax_footnote = <ref name=dr2a/>
| component2 = HD 80607
| radial_v2 = 3.3
| prop_mo_ra2 = 52.624
| prop_mo_dec2 = 9.945
| parallax2 = 15.0474
| p_error2 = 0.0341
| parallax_footnote2 = <ref name=dr2b/>
| dist_ly2 =
| dist_pc2 =
| absmag_v2 =
}}
{{Starbox detail
| component1 = HD 80606
| gravity = 4.50 ± 0.20<ref name="Naef2001"/>
| temperature = 5,645 ± 45<ref name="Naef2001"/>
| metal_fe = 0.43 ± 0.06<ref name="Naef2001"/>
| rotational_velocity = 0.9 ± 0.6<ref name="Naef2001"/>
| component2 = HD 80607
| gravity2 = 4.52 ± 0.15<ref name="Naef2001"/>
| temperature2 = 5,555 ± 45<ref name="Naef2001"/>
| metal2_fe = 0.38 ± 0.06<ref name="Naef2001"/>
| rotational_velocity2 = 1.4 ± 0.4<ref name="Naef2001"/>
}}
{{Starbox catalog
| names = {{odlist|BD=+51°1500|WDS=J09226+5036|CCDM=J09226+5036}}, STF&nbsp;1341
| component1 = HD 80606
| component2 = HD 80607
}}
{{Starbox reference
| Simbad = HD+80606 | sn=HD 80606
| Simbad2 = HD+80607 | sn2=HD 80607
}}
{{Starbox end}}

'''HD 80606''' and '''HD 80607''' are two [[Astronomy:Star|star]]s comprising a [[Astronomy:Binary star|binary star]] system. They are approximately 217 [[Astronomy:Light-year|light-year]]s away in the [[Astronomy:Constellation|constellation]] of [[Astronomy:Ursa Major|Ursa Major]]. Both stars orbit each other at an average distance of 1,200 [[Astronomy:Astronomical unit|astronomical unit]]s. The binary system is listed as '''Struve 1341''' in the Struve Catalogue of Double Stars; however, this designation is not in wide use and the system is usually referred to by the HD designations of its constituent stars. An extrasolar planet has been confirmed to orbit HD 80606 in a [[Astronomy:Highly elliptical orbit|highly elliptical orbit]].

==Planetary system==
[[Image:HD80606b Orbit.gif|thumb|left|The orbital motion of HD 80606 b]]
The variable radial velocity of HD 80606 was first noticed in 1999 from observations with the 10-m Keck 1 telescope at the [[Astronomy:W. M. Keck Observatory|W. M. Keck Observatory]] in Hawaii by the G-Dwarf Planet Search, a survey of nearly 1,000 nearby [[Astronomy:G-type main-sequence star|G dwarfs]] to identify extrasolar planet candidates. The star was then followed up by the [[Astronomy:Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search|Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search]] team using the [[Astronomy:ELODIE spectrograph|ELODIE spectrograph]] mounted on the 1.93-m telescope at the Haute-Provence Observatory. The discovery of [[Astronomy:HD 80606 b|HD 80606 b]] was announced on April 4, 2001.<ref name="Naef2001"/><ref name="eso0114"/> Its orbit is misaligned with the star's rotation at 53 degrees.<ref name="moutou2009"/><ref name=roberts2012/> Additional studies using the Spitzer Space Telescope in the infrared, and the Very Large Array in the millimeter radio, have shown that the highly eccentric planet 'b' orbiting HD 80606 grazes the parent star at its closest passage to produce difficult-to-detect stellar lobing, severe 'space weather', aurorae and other non-thermal activity.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/spitzer/news/spitzer-20090128.html|title=Astronomers Observe Planet With Wild Temperature Swings|date=28 January 2009|publisher=NASA|access-date=11 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2009/spitzer_wild.html|title=Spitzer Watches Wild Weather on a Star-Skimming Planet|date=28 January 2009|publisher=NASA|access-date=11 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|bibcode=2010AJ....140.1929L|doi=10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1929|arxiv=1010.5383|title=Radio Observations of Hd 80606 Near Planetary Periastron|journal=The Astronomical Journal|volume=140|issue=6|pages=1929|year=2010|last1=Lazio|first1=T. Joseph W|last2=Shankland|first2=P. D|last3=Farrell|first3=W. M|last4=Blank|first4=D. L|s2cid=35918197}}</ref>

At the time, its orbit was the most eccentric orbit of any extrasolar planet known.<ref group=note>Since then, [[Astronomy:HD 20782|HD 20782]] b has been found, with an eccentricity of 0.97.</ref> It has an eccentricity of 0.9336,<ref name="fossey2009"/> comparable to that of Comet Halley in the [[Astronomy:Solar System|Solar System]]. The eccentricity may be a result of the [[Astronomy:Kozai mechanism|Kozai mechanism]], which would occur if the planet's orbit is significantly inclined to that of the binary stars. This conclusion is reinforced by the detection of the misalignment, an expected result of the Kozai mechanism.<ref name="moutou2009"/>

In a simulation of a ten-million-year span, the planet "sweeps clean" most test particles within 1.75 AU of HD 80606. The 8:1 resonance hollows out another [[Astronomy:Kirkwood gap|Kirkwood gap]] at 1.9 AU. There cannot be any habitable planets in this system. Also, observation has ruled out planets heavier than 0.7 [[Astronomy:Jupiter mass|Jupiter mass]] with a period of one year or less.<ref name="Wittenmyer2007"/>

{{OrbitboxPlanet begin
| name = HD 80606
}}
{{OrbitboxPlanet
| exoplanet = [[Astronomy:HD 80606 b|b]]
| mass = 4.0 ± 0.3<ref name="moutou2009"/>
| semimajor = 0.453 ± 0.015<ref name="moutou2009"/>
| period = 111.436 ± 0.003<ref name="moutou2009"/>
| eccentricity = 0.9336 ± 0.0002<ref name="fossey2009"/>
| inclination = 89.285 ± 0.023<ref name="fossey2009"/>
| radius = 0.987 ± 0.061<ref name="roberts2012"/>
}}
{{Orbitbox end}}

==See also==
* [[Astronomy:Gliese 752|Gliese 752]]
* [[Astronomy:HD 20782|HD 20782]]
* [[Astronomy:Iota Horologii|Iota Horologii]]

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="eso0114">{{cite press release | title=Exoplanets: The Hunt Continues! | date=April 4, 2001 | publisher=European Southern Observatory | location=Garching, Germany | url=http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso0114/ | access-date=December 27, 2012 }}</ref>

<ref name="fossey2009">{{cite journal | title=Detection of a transit by the planetary companion of HD 80606 | last1=Fossey | first1=S. J. | last2=Waldman | first2=I. P. | last3=Kipping | first3=D. M. | display-authors=1 | journal=[[Organization:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters]] | volume=396 | issue=1 | pages=L16–L20 | date=2009 | arxiv=0902.4616 | bibcode=2009MNRAS.396L..16F | doi=10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00653.x | s2cid=2709427 }}</ref>

<ref name="moutou2009">{{cite journal | title=Photometric and spectroscopic detection of the primary transit of the 111-day-period planet HD 80606 b | url=http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2009/16/aa11954-09/aa11954-09.html | last1=Moutou | first1=C. | last2=Hébrard | first2=G. | last3=Bouchy | first3=F. | last4=Eggenberger | first4=A. | last5=Boisse | first5=I. | last6=Bonfils | first6=X. | last7=Gravallon | first7=D. | last8=Ehrenreich | first8=D. | last9=Forveille | first9=T. | last10=Delfosse | first10=X. | last11=Desort | first11=M. | last12=Lagrange | first12=A.-M. | last13=Lovis | first13=C. | last14=Mayor | first14=M. | last15=Pepe | first15=F. | last16=Perrier | first16=C. | last17=Pont | first17=F. | last18=Queloz | first18=D. | last19=Santos | first19=N. C. | last20=Ségransan | first20=D. | last21=Udry | first21=S. | last22=Vidal-Madjar | first22=A. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters | volume=498 | issue=1 | pages=L5–L8 | date=2009 | arxiv=0902.4457 | bibcode=2009A&A...498L...5M | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/200911954 | s2cid=14625359 }}</ref>

<ref name="Naef2001">{{cite journal | title=HD 80606 b, a planet on an extremely elongated orbit | last1=Naef | first1=D. | last2=Latham | first2=D. W. | last3=Mayor | first3=M. | last4=Mazeh | first4=T. | last5=Beuzit | first5=J. L. | last6=Drukier | first6=G. A. | last7=Perrier-Bellet | first7=C. | last8=Queloz | first8=D. | last9=Sivan | first9=J. P. | last10=Torres | first10=G. | last11=Udry | first11=S. | last12=Zucker | first12=S. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters | volume=375 | issue=2 | pages=L27–L30 | date=2001 | arxiv=astro-ph/0106256 | bibcode=2001A&A...375L..27N | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20010853 | s2cid=14433784 }}</ref>

<ref name="roberts2012">{{cite journal | title=MOST Space Telescope Photometry of the 2010 January Transit of Extrasolar Planet HD80606b | last1=Roberts | first1=Jessica E. | last2=Barnes | first2=Jason W. | last3=Rowe | first3=Jason F. | last4=Fortney | first4=Jonathan F. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=762 | issue=21| at=55 | date=2013 | arxiv=1212.0285 | bibcode=2013ApJ...762...55R | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/55 | s2cid=119251752 }}</ref>

<ref name="Wittenmyer2007">{{cite journal | title=Dynamical and Observational Constraints on Additional Planets in Highly Eccentric Planetary Systems | last1=Wittenmyer | first1=Robert A. | last2=Endl | first2=Michael | last3=Cochran | first3=William D. | last4=Levison | first4=Harold F. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=134 | issue=3 | pages=1276–1284 | date=2007 | arxiv=0706.1962 | bibcode=2007AJ....134.1276W | doi=10.1086/520880 | s2cid=14345035 }}</ref>

}}

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

==External links==
* {{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7857749.stm |title= Distant planet's roasting orbit|access-date=2009-01-29 | date=2009-01-29 | work=BBC News}}
{{WikiSky}}
{{-}}
{{Sky|09|22|37.5679|+|50|36|13.397|190}}

{{Stars of Ursa Major}}

[[Category:Binary stars]]
[[Category:Planetary systems with one confirmed planet]]
[[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|080606]]
[[Category:G-type main-sequence stars]]
[[Category:Planetary transit variables]]
[[Category:Hipparcos objects|045982/3]]
[[Category:Durchmusterung objects]]
[[Category:Multi-star planetary systems]]

{{Sourceattribution|HD 80606 and HD 80607}}