View source for Astronomy:1060 Magnolia

{{Infobox planet
 | minorplanet     = yes
 | name            = 1060 Magnolia
 | background      = #D6D6D6
 | image           = 
 | image_size      = 
 | caption         = 
 | discovery_ref   = <ref name="jpldata" />
 | discoverer      = K. Reinmuth
 | discovery_site  = [[Organization:Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory|Heidelberg Obs.]]
 | discovered      = 13 August 1925
 | mpc_name        = (1060) Magnolia
 | alt_names       = 1925 PA{{·}}1945 OA
 | pronounced      = {{IPAc-en|m|æ|g|ˈ|n|oʊ|l|i|ə}}<ref>{{OED|magnolia}}</ref>
 | named_after     = ''[[Biology:Magnolia|Magnolia]]'' {{small|([[Biology:Flowering plant|flowering plant]])}}<ref name="springer" />
 | mp_category     = main-belt{{·}}{{small|([[Astronomy:Kirkwood gap|inner]])}}<br />[[Astronomy:Flora family|Flora]]<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" />
 | orbit_ref       = <ref name="jpldata" />
 | epoch           = 4 September 2017 ([[Astronomy:Julian day|JD]] 2458000.5)
 | uncertainty     = 0
 | observation_arc = 92.29 yr (33,709 days)
 | aphelion        = 2.6902 [[Astronomy:Astronomical unit|AU]]
 | perihelion      = 1.7844 AU
 | semimajor       = 2.2373 AU
 | eccentricity    = 0.2024
 | period          = 3.35 [[Astronomy:Julian year|yr]] (1,222 days)
 | mean_anomaly    = 192.34[[Degree (angle)|°]]
 | mean_motion     = {{Deg2DMS|0.2945|sup=ms}} / day
 | inclination     = 5.9191°
 | asc_node        = 221.13°
 | arg_peri        = 84.766°
 | dimensions      = {{val|5.23|0.58}} km<ref name="Nugent-2016" /><br />{{val|6.844|0.056}} km<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|7.110|0.117}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|7.16}} km<ref name="Pravec-2012b" /><br />{{val|9.65|0.60}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" />
 | rotation        = {{val|2.78|0.05}} [[Hour|h]]<ref name="Wisniewski-1997" /><br />{{val|2.910|0.001}} h<ref name="Strabla-2013a" /><br />{{val|2.9107|0.0001}} h<ref name="geneva-obs" /><br />{{val|2.9108|0.0005}} h<ref name="Kryszczynska-2012b" /><br />{{val|2.911|0.0008}} h<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><br />{{val|3.08|0.01}} h<ref name="Bonzo-2010" />
 | albedo          = {{val|0.173|0.034}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />{{val|0.2839|}}<ref name="Pravec-2012b" /><br />{{val|0.2922|0.0328}}<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|0.47|0.13}}<ref name="Nugent-2016" />
 | spectral_type   = [[Astronomy:S-type asteroid|S]]<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Veres-2015" />
 | abs_magnitude   = {{val|12.07|0.89}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />{{·}}{{val|12.264|0.002}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />{{·}}12.60<ref name="Masiero-2012" />{{·}}12.7<ref name="jpldata" /><ref name="WISE" />{{·}}12.71<ref name="lcdb" />{{·}}{{val|12.71|0.06}}<ref name="Pravec-2012b" /><ref name="Wisniewski-1997" />{{·}}12.97<ref name="Nugent-2016" />
}}

'''1060 Magnolia''', provisional designation {{mp|1925 PA}}, is a stony Florian [[Astronomy:Asteroid|asteroid]] from the inner regions of the [[Astronomy:Asteroid belt|asteroid belt]], approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 August 1925, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the [[Organization:Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory|Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory]].<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named after the flowering plant ''[[Biology:Magnolia|magnolia]]''.<ref name="springer" />

== Orbit and classification ==

''Magnolia'' is a member of the [[Astronomy:Flora family|Flora family]] ({{small|[[Astronomy:FIN tbl#402|402]]}}),<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" /> a giant [[Astronomy:Asteroid family|asteroid family]] and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main-belt.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}} It orbits the Sun in the [[Astronomy:Kirkwood gap|inner]] asteroid belt at a distance of 1.8–2.7&nbsp;[[Astronomy:Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 3 years and 4 months (1,222 days; semi-major axis of 2.24&nbsp;AU). Its orbit has an [[Astronomy:Orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.20 and an [[Astronomy:Orbital inclination|inclination]] of 6[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[Astronomy:Ecliptic|ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" />

The body's [[Astronomy:Observation arc|observation arc]] begins at Heidelberg in September 1925, or one month after its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-object" />

== Physical characteristics ==

[[Astronomy:Pan-STARRS|Pan-STARRS]]{{'}} photometric survey characterizes ''Magnolia'' as a common, stony [[Astronomy:S-type asteroid|S-type asteroid]],<ref name="Veres-2015" /> which is also the overall [[Astronomy:Asteroid spectral type|spectral type]] for members of the Flora family.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}}

=== Rotation period ===

Several rotational [[Astronomy:Lightcurve|lightcurve]]s of ''Magnolia'' have been obtained from photometric observations since 1992.<ref name="Wisniewski-1997" /><ref name="Strabla-2013a" /><ref name="geneva-obs" /><ref name="Kryszczynska-2012b" /><ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><ref name="Bonzo-2010" /> The best-rated lightcurve by French amateur astronomers Jacques Michelet and Maurice Audejean gave a relatively short [[Rotation period|rotation period]] of 2.9107 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.14 [[Astronomy:Magnitude|magnitude]] ({{small|U=3}}).<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="geneva-obs" />

=== Diameter and albedo ===

According to the survey carried out by the [[Astronomy:NEOWISE|NEOWISE]] mission of NASA's [[Astronomy:Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer|Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]] (WISE), ''Magnolia'' measures between 5.23 and 9.65 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an [[Astronomy:Astronomical albedo|albedo]] between 0.173 and 0.47.<ref name="Nugent-2016" /><ref name="Masiero-2011" /><ref name="WISE" /><ref name="Pravec-2012b" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" />

The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' adopts [[Biography:Petr Pravec|Petr Pravec]]'s revised WISE results, that is, an albedo of 0.2839 and a diameter of 7.16 kilometers based on an [[Astronomy:Absolute magnitude|absolute magnitude]] of 12.71.<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Pravec-2012b" />

== Naming ==

This [[Astronomy:Minor planet|minor planet]] was named after a [[Biology:Genus|genus]] of flowering plants, ''[[Biology:Magnolia|magnolia]]'', which was in turn named after Pierre Magnol. The official naming citation was mentioned in ''The Names of the Minor Planets'' by Paul Herget in 1955 ({{small|H 101}}).<ref name="springer" />

=== Reinmuth's flowers ===

Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between {{MoMP|1009|(1009)}} and {{MoMP|1200|(1200)}}. This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with [[Astronomy:1054 Forsytia|1054 Forsytia]], that were all named after plants, in particular [[Biology:Flowering plant|flowering plant]]s ''(also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants)''.<ref name="springer-flowers" />

== References ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
  |type       = 2017-11-27 last obs.
  |title      = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1060 Magnolia (1925 PA)
  |url        = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001060
  |publisher  = [[Organization:Jet Propulsion Laboratory|Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
  |access-date = 10 January 2018}}</ref>

<ref name="springer">{{cite book
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  |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher  = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
  |page       = 91
  |date       = 2007
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<ref name="springer-flowers">{{cite book
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 |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names
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 |doi        = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055
 |chapter        = (1054) Forsytia}}</ref>

<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
  |title      = 1060 Magnolia (1925 PA)
  |work       = Minor Planet Center
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<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web
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<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
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}} <!-- end of reflist -->

== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|1060}}
* {{JPL small body}}

{{Small Solar System bodies}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Magnolia}}
[[Category:Flora asteroids|001060]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]

{{Sourceattribution|1060 Magnolia}}